Vegetarian Diets and Dietary Considerations

These flashcards cover important vocabulary and key concepts regarding vegetarian diets and religious and cultural dietary considerations.

Vegan diet

A diet that excludes all animal products including meat, poultry, fish, dairy, and eggs.

Lacto-vegetarian diet

A diet that excludes meat, poultry, fish, and eggs but allows for dairy products.

Lacto-ovo vegetarian diet

A diet that excludes meat, poultry, and fish but allows for dairy products and eggs.

Pescatarian diet

A vegetarian diet with the addition of seafood or fish.

Health benefits of vegetarian diets

Associated with a decreased risk of diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and cancer.

Nutrients of concern in vegetarian diets

Includes protein, vitamin B12, iron, calcium, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids.

Acculturation

The process of adopting the dietary practices of a new host country.

Kosher observance

Dietary laws in Judaism where certain foods like pork products, shellfish, and meat with dairy are prohibited.

Dietary restrictions in Buddhism

Often avoid alcohol and many adhere to vegetarianism; intermittent fasting is common.

Dietary restrictions in Hinduism

Often avoid alcohol, many are vegetarian, and fasting is commonly practiced.

Dietary restrictions in Islam

Prohibits pork and alcohol; fasting during Ramadan is practiced.

Soul food diet

Traditional diet that may be high in fat, cholesterol, and sodium; often consumed by African Americans.

Traditional Mexican diet

Low in fat and high in fiber, emphasizing corn, rice, and beans.

Cultural dietary considerations

Dietary practices and preferences vary widely among individuals and should be confirmed with patients.