government

Engle v. Vitale

court case in 1962, no prayer in public schools

Roe v. Wade

court case in 1973, struck down criminalization of abortion, was overturned recently

Gideo v. Wainwright

court case in 1963, upheld the 6th and 14th amendment, guaranteed right of legal counsel to anyone accused of crime

Texas v. Johnson

court case in 1989, agreed that symbolic speech, burning US flag was protected by 1st amendment

Plessy v. Ferguson

court case in 1896, upheld Louisiana state law establishing “separate but equal”

McColloch v. Maryland

court case in 1819, established “necessary but proper clause”, government could create a national bank

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

court case in 1954, ruled that “separate but equal” was violation of 14th amendment and unconstitutional

Miranda v. Arizona

court case in 1966, no self-criminalization under the 5th and 6th amendments

Mapp v. Ohio

court case in 1961, evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in court(4th amendment)

Lawrence v. Texas

court case in 2003,invalidated sodomy laws, making same-sex sexual activity legal in every state is USA

7 events led to American Revolution #1

The Stamp Act of 1765 (tax on paper goods)

7 events led to AR #2

The Townshend Acts of 1767 (tax on imported goods)

7 events led to AR#3

The Boston Massacre 1770

7 events led to AR#4

The Boston Tea Party 1773

7 events led to AR#5

Coercive Acts 1774 (intolerable acts)

7 events led to AR#6

Battle of Lexington and Concord 1775 (shot heard around the world)

4 characteristics of state

population-defined group of people

territory-defined borders

government-established organization of power

sovereignty-absolute power over foreign and domestic affairs

democracy is about

the will of majority, but protecting the rights of minority group

Preamble of the Constitution

“We the people of the united states, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution for the united states of america.”

2 sides to the ratification of the constitution

federalist- for the creation of a strong central government

anti-federalist- against the constitution and the creation of a strong central government (wants guarantees for individual rights

enlightenment thinkers

thought on the aspects of government

thomas hobbs

people are evil and selfish and need a strong government to control them

john locke

people have 3 natural rights=life,liberty,property

montesquieu

we should fear the government taking our rights and separate it out (legislative,executive,judicial)

jean jacque rousseau

power of government comes from power of consent

social contract theory- government power with consent of the governed

voltaire

believed that government needed to be separate from church, and that people have the right to believe and speak freely

United States came into existence on

July 4th, 1776-when the declaration of independence was signed by the 1st continental congress

2 states proposed drafts for a new constitution-replace articles of confederation

New Jersey plan (equal representation)

Virginia plan (proportional representation/population

when was the constitution written and by who

1787, by James Madison

ratified by 11/13 states in 1788

not enacted until all 13 ratified in 1789

the constitution has how many amendments

27

first 10 are bill of rights-in 1791