canada and war

conscription

government sends people to the military against their will, happened for CA in both world wars

military service act

WWI: 1917, all male citizens between 20-45 had to serve if called for the rest of the war, legislation

facism

absolute gov control by a dictator/group. prioritized the desires of a nation (grow economy, land, tech advances, etc.) over citizen welfare/individuals

allied powers in WWII

Britain, France, United States (joined 1941), China, Soviet Union (joined 1941), Canada, not major: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, Greece, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, India, South Africa

allied powers in WWI

Britain, Canada, France, Italy (joined in 1915, initially a central power), Japan, Russia (withdrew in 1917), United States (joined 1917), Serbia, Greece, Romania, Portugal

axis powers

Germany, Japan, Italy (left 1941) not main ones: Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Finland

central powers

Germany, Austria - Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire (in the middle east), Italy (switched to Allies in 1915)

trench warfare

web of trenches dug into the ground where most WWI fighting took place on the western front

western front

WWI: series of opposing Allied and German trenches/fortifications from English Channel through Belgium & France to Switzerland, where the heaviest fighting happened

nazi party

far right racist political party led by Hitler, in power in Germany from 1933-1945, facist government

war guilt clause

part of the Treaty of Versailles holding Germany responsible for WWI, controlled their military and forced them to pay large amounts of cover damages caused by the war

plebiscite

vote held about a specific urgent situation, done in CA in WWII on the issue of conscription with 70% of Canadians voting for conscription

adolf hitler

founder and leader of Nazi party, aimed to exterminate certain groups mainly Jews, wanted to take over more land and grow Germanys economy and power

holocaust

deliberate killing of Jewish people and other groups by the Nazis during WWII

treaty of versailles

1919 treaty, officially ended WWI, held Germany solely responsible for WWI

start & end dates WWI

Aug 4, 1914 (Britain declared war on Germany) - June 28 - 1919 (treaty of versailles is signed to officially end the war)

start and end dates WWII

Sept 1, 1939 (Germany invaded Poland) - May 7, 1945 (fighting in Europe ended)

prime minister during WWI

Robert Borden

prime minister during WWII

Mackenzie King

WWI casualties/enlistment

619,000 enlisted, 61,000 soldiers died

WWII casualties/enlistment

approx 1 million enlisted and 45,000 died

causes of WWI

impacts in Canada after WWI

causes of WWII

Battle of Dieppe

Battle of Normandy

impacts in Canada after WWII

how end of WWI impacted start of WWII

similarities between WWI and WWII

differences between WWI and WWII