Mt. SAC EMT 90: Medications that can administered/assisted with

MDI/Albuterol

Class/Mechanism of action: Bronchodilator

Dose: ONE puff

Route of administration: Inhalation

Indications: Asthma attack/Respiratory distress; S/S —> Shortness of breath, Coughing, Wheezing, Difficulty speaking. (Prescribed)

Contraindications: NOT prescribed, 2 MAX doses, UNABLE to follow commands

Side effects: tachycardia, nervousness, headache, dizziness.

Nitroglycerin

Class/Mechanism of action: Vasodilator

Dose: .400 mg (TABLET) 400 mcg (SPRAY)

Route of administration: Sub-lingual

Indications: NON-traumatic cardiac chest pain

Contraindications: 53BASH —→ 5 min between does, 3 MAX doses, Blood pressure <100 mmHg (SYSTOLIC), ALOC, Sexually enhancing drug usage within 24-72 hours, Head trauma.

Side effects: dizziness, lightheadedness, flushed skin, hypotension

Oral Glucose

Class/Mechanism of action: Carbohydrates/Sugar

Dose: ONE tube

Route of administration: Oral

Indications: Hypoglycemia (<60 mg/dL), History of diabetes, ALOC, BUT able to follow commands

Contraindications: NO suspected hypoglycemia, NO history of diabetes, NOT able to follow commands

Side effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Hypotension, Headache, Flushed skin

Cool and clammy = gimme some candy

Aspirin

Class/Mechanism of action: ANTI-platelet aggregator

Dose: 81 mg x 4 (324 mg)

Route of administration: Oral

Indications: Non-traumatic cardiac chest pain & Suspected Myocardial Infarction

Contraindications: GI bleed, Ulcers, ALOC, Vomiting blood

Epinephrine

Class/ Mechanism of action: Sympathomimetic, Bronchodilator, Vasoconstrictor

Dose: 0.3 mg (Adult) .15 mg (Pediatric)

Indications: Anaphylaxis, Servere asthma

Contraindications: N/A

Concentration: 1:1000 (1: Epinephrine, 1000: Saline)

Injection site: Vastus Lateralis

S/S of Anaphylaxis: Wheezing, Cool, Pale, Diaphoretic, Tongue swelling, Urticaria/Hives

Narcan/Naloxone

Class/Mechanism of action: Opioid antagonist

Dose: Adult = (Intranasal (IN) 2-4 mg: Standard preload 2 mg (1 mg per nostril) Civilian preload 4 mg)(Intramuscular (IM) 2 mg) Pediatric = (IM/IN 0.1 mg/kg)

Max dose: 8 mg total (combined routes)

Indications: ALOC, Slow/Shallow breathing, Respiratory arrest, Pinpoint pupils

Contraindications: NOT altered, Adequate breathing, PERRL

Concentration: Standard preload = 2mg/2mL (1mg/1mL) Civilian preload = 4mg/0.1mL

Side effects: Excited delirium, unsteady blood pressure, cardiac dysrhythmia, projectile vomit, pulmonary edema, cardiac arrest, death

CPAP

Indications: Pulmonary edema (CHF), C.O.P.D exacerbation

Contraindications: ALOC, Systolic BP <100 mmHg, Unable to follow commands, Tension pneumothorax, Vomiting, Facial trauma, Respiratory arrest

HHN (Hand-held nebuliser)

Indications: Servere asthma

Contraindications: Unable to follow commands

Flow-rate: 6-8 L/min