Types of Malware and their Function

Virus

A type of malware that replicates by modifying other programs and inserting its code to spread to other programs.

Worm

Standalone malware that replicates itself to spread to other computers through networks without needing a host program.

Trojan

Malware that disguises itself as a legitimate program to deceive users about its true purpose and can cause harm once installed.

Remote Access Trojan (RAT)

Malware that enables remote control of a computer over the internet, allowing actions like moving the mouse or accessing the webcam.

Backdoor

A method that permits unauthorized users to bypass security measures and gain access to a system.

Rootkit

Malicious software tools that provide remote access and control over a computer while evading detection by disabling antivirus software.

Spyware

Malware that covertly collects user information such as browsing history, usernames, passwords, and emails.

Keylogger

Spyware that records keystrokes on a keyboard and sends the data to cybercriminals.

Ransomware

Malware that blocks access to personal data and demands a ransom for restoration.

Fileless Malware

Malware that operates in a computer's memory (RAM) without leaving traces on the hard drive, making detection challenging.

Adware

Malware that displays unwanted ads and gathers user data for targeted advertising purposes.

RAM Scraper

Malware that targets point-of-sale systems to steal personal information like credit card numbers and PINs.

Browser Hijacker

Malware that alters web browser settings without user consent, changing homepages, search engines, or injecting ads.

Cryptojacker

Malware that secretly uses a computer's resources to mine cryptocurrencies, often slowing down the system.

Rogue Security Software

Malware that deceives users into believing their system is infected and prompts them to pay for a fake removal tool that installs more malware.

Wiper

Malware designed to erase a computer's memory, destroying all useful information stored on the system.