Computer Science Lecture Notes: CPU and Generations

Flashcards covering computer generations, CPU components, memory types, and the instruction/execution cycles based on the lecture notes.

Modern digital computers, such as the 5th generation, use __________ which make them process information very fast.

parallel processors

One improvement for classifying modern computers is that they possess __________ technology.

Optical disk

The centralized computers used in modern digital generation of computers are called __________.

Senders

Based on operating principles, computers can be classified as General Purpose or __________ Computers.

Special Purpose

Based on size and capabilities, the four types of computers are Mainframe, Micro, Mini, and __________ Computers.

Super

A __________ is everything about the computer processing functions on micro chips, such and Desktop, Laptop, and Handheld.

Micro Computer

In a computer system, __________ refers to the touchable systems, while SOFTWARE refers to programs and instructions.

Hardware System

Quantitative data in a computer system is __________ based.

numerical

The CPU is known as the __________ of the computer.

brain

The __________ unit carries out logic-related operations such as OR, IXOR, AND, XNOR, and NAND.

Logic

The __________ register is used by the Control Unit for retrieving the next instruction to be executed.

Program Counter

The __________ register is used by the Control Unit for handling conditions such as an overflow of data.

status

The main memory, which is referred to as the internal or primary memory, is also known as __________.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

The process of copying instructions and data from secondary storage to RAM is known as __________.

Swapping

__________ memory is a small, fast, and expensive memory that stores copies of data frequently accessed from the main memory.

Cache

The __________ cache, also known as L2, is located outside the CPU on the motherboard.

Secondary

The __________ register holds the instruction to be decoded by the Control Unit.

Instruction

The __________ register is responsible for holding the address of the next location in the RAM before it is accessed by the CPU.

Memory Address (MAR)

The __________ register is used for storing operands and data before reading from or writing to the main memory.

Memory Data (MDR)

The __________ is a register used for holding the results from the Arithmetic and Logic Unit.

Accumulator

The machine cycle comprises four cycles: Fetch, Decode, Execute, and __________.

Store

The Instruction Cycle consists of the __________ and DECODE phases of the machine cycle.

FETCH

The Execution Cycle is made up of the EXECUTE and __________ phases.

STORE