Human Physical Development

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Last updated 6:57 PM on 5/18/26
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37 Terms

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Physical Development
Changes in the body, brain, and physical abilities across the lifespan
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Fertilization
The union of egg and sperm that begins life
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Zygote
The fertilized egg in the earliest stage of development
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Embryo
Early stage of development (weeks 2–8) where major organs begin forming
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Fetus
Stage from 8 weeks to birth where growth and development continue
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Prenatal Development
Growth before birth including physical and brain development
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Birth
The transition from prenatal to independent life outside the womb
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Infant Physical Development
Rapid growth in size, brain development, and basic motor skills
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Reflexes (Infancy)
Automatic movements present at birth (sucking, grasping)
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Motor Development
The progression of physical movement skills
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Gross Motor Skills
Large body movements (crawling, walking, running)
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Fine Motor Skills
Small movements (grasping, writing, manipulating objects)
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Toddler Physical Development
Development of walking, coordination, and strength
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Coordination
Improved ability to control body movements
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Balance
Ability to maintain stability during movement
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Early Childhood Physical Development
Increased coordination, strength, and motor control
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Growth Rate
Speed at which physical development occurs (rapid early, slows over time)
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Middle Childhood Physical Development
Steady growth and increased physical skill (sports, coordination)
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Puberty
Biological changes during adolescence leading to physical maturity
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Hormonal Changes
Chemical changes that drive growth and physical development
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Adolescent Physical Development
Rapid physical growth and sexual maturation
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Brain Development
Ongoing growth and specialization of brain functions across life
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Prefrontal Cortex Development
Slow development of decision-making and impulse control
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Early Adulthood Physical Development
Peak physical performance and health
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Physical Peak
Period of highest strength, endurance, and reaction time
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Aging
Gradual physical changes over time
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Middle Adulthood Physical Development
Gradual decline in energy, metabolism, and endurance
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Health Maintenance
Actions taken to sustain physical well-being
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Late Adulthood Physical Development
Declines in strength, mobility, and physical resilience
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Bone Density Loss
Reduction in bone strength over time
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Muscle Loss
Gradual decrease in muscle mass with age
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Sensory Decline
Decrease in vision, hearing, and other senses
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Longevity
Length of life and lifespan
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Life Expectancy
Average number of years a person is expected to live
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Physical Decline
Natural reduction in physical abilities over time
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Adaptation (Physical)
Adjusting to changes in the body over time
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Health Span
Years of life spent in good health