DAT biology - Integumentary System
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47 Terms
Integumentary system
the most superficial layer of tissue in an animals body
What is the largest organ of the body
The intergumentary system
What does the intergumentary system compose of
skin, secretory glands, hair and nails
what is the skin
The intergument component that covers the entire body surface
What intergument component covers the entire body surface
the skin
In terms of protection, what does the skin provide?
It is a physical barrier that acts as the first line of defense
Evaporative cooling
thermoregulation of the skin, body heat is transfered into the sweat, which evaporates, this cools the body
What causes sensory input in the skin
Nerve receptors
What vitamin does the skin make
D
What causes vitamin D synthesis in The skin
UV exposure
How does the skin excrete water and salts
Via evaporative cooling (sweating)
What are the functions of the skin
protection
cooling
sensory input
Vitamin D synthesis
Excretion of water and salts
What do keratinocytes do
produce keratin
What is the epidermis made of
epithelial tissue and keratinocytes
What does the epidermis protect against
UV, dehydration, and pathogens
What is the epidermis
the most superficial layer of sin made of epithelial tissue and keratinocytes
What is the stratum corneum
the outermost layer of the epidermis
What is the stratum corneum made of
corneocytes, which form the outermost protective layer
What is the stratum lucidum
The second part of the epidermis made of dead keratinocytes
what makes up th estratum lucidum
dead keratinocytes that have yet to diferentiate into corneocytes
what differentiates into corneocytes
Keratinocytes
What is the stratum lucidum only present in
palms and soles
Stratum granulosum
The third layer of the epidermis
What does the stratum granulosum consist of
keratinocytes
What does the stratum granulosum keratinocytes do
they form a water barrier
What do keratinocytes in the spinosum have that keratinoctyes in other layers dont have
spines, which are long extensions
spines in the corpus spinosum
long extensions from the keratinocytes in the corpus spinosum
What junction are keratinocytes in the corpus spinosum held by
desmosomes
What does the stratum spinosum contribute the most to
strength
what is the stratum basale
the bottom layer of the epidermis
where are merkel cells located
in the stratum basale
what do merkel cells do
They are the sight of light touch sensation in the stratum basale
Where are melanocytes located
the stratum basale
What are melanocytes responsible for
melanin synthesis
layers of the epidermis mnemonic
Come, lets get some bagels
corneum
lucidum
granulosum
spinosum
basale
What does the connective tissue of the dermis have
blood vessels and nerve endings
What is the dermis mostly made of
Connective tissues
What is the location of hair follicles in animals
the dermis
what is the dermis
the middle layer of the skin, located between the epidermis and the hypodermis
What provides structural support to the skin to help protect it against injury
the dermis
What size are the nerves and blood vessls of the hypodermis compared to the dermis
larger
What is composes the hypodermis
connective tissue and fat
What insulates the body and providdes cushioning in the hypodermis
the connective tissue and fat
What is considered the subcutaneous layer
the hypodermis
What is the hypodermis
The deepest layer of the intergumentary system that contains larger nerves and blood vessels
What skin of cells are dermal cells
labile
what are labile cells
cells that contstantly divide throughout life