Immune Disorders Unit 6

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key vocabulary and definitions related to immune disorders and HIV/AIDS as outlined in the lecture notes.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

An underlying disorder causing massive clotting in microcirculation and associated with symptoms of tissue ischemia and bleeding.

Symptoms of DIC

Signs related to tissue ischemia and bleeding.

Laboratory tests for DIC

Evaluations performed to diagnose the presence and extent of disseminated intravascular coagulation.

HIV

Human Immuno-deficiency Virus, which can lead to Acquired Immuno-deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), the end stage disease process.

Transmission of HIV

Spread through body fluids containing HIV or infected CD4 lymphocytes; casual contact does not cause transmission.

Prevention of HIV

Use of standard precautions, hand hygiene, and safe sex practices.

Safe Sex Practices

Strategies to reduce the risk of HIV transmission, including use of condoms and abstaining from sharing body fluids.

HIV Life Cycle

The process by which HIV infects CD4 cells, replicates, and causes depletion of the immune system.

Stages of HIV Disease

Determined by the number of CD4 cells; ranges from primary infection to AIDS.

CDC Category A

HIV symptomatic stage where CD4 cell count is greater than 500.

AIDS

Significantly impaired immune system with a CD4 cell count of less than 200, often leading to opportunistic infections.

Opportunistic Infections

Infections that occur more frequently and are more severe in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with AIDS.

Karposi Sarcoma

Life-threatening cancer associated with HIV, characterized by lesions on multiple organs.

Neurologic Effects of HIV

Cognitive impairments and decline in motor function resulting from HIV infection.

Management of HIV

Regular monitoring and evolving treatment protocols, focusing on antiviral therapy.

Anti-retroviral therapy

A combination of medications used to disrupt the replication of HIV in the body.

Side effects of HIV medications

Potential adverse effects of treatment including dyslipidemia, neuropathy, and pancreatitis.

HIV Testing

Methods including rapid tests and ELISA to diagnose HIV infection.