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HTML
Hypertext markup language
Standard markup language for web page
HTML tags
<html> - Document starts with this tag
<link> - allow link external resources
<head> - Container for metadata
<title> - Defines title of document
<body> - Starts & ends main text
<h1>/<h2><h3> - Headings
<img> - Used to imbed image in HTML document
<div> - defines a section of code
<a> - Defines hyperlink, uses “herf”
<a href="Link">Text</a>
<form> - allow collect information
<input> - collect input
<p> - paragraph
<li> - used to define each list item
<ol> - define ordered list
<ul> - define unordered list
<script> - embed executable code
CSS
Cascading style sheet - describes how HTML elements are displayed
JavaScript
Programming language for web and used to modify both HTML and CSS
<form> tag used to create HTML forms for used input and contain other tags
Object oriented computer programming language commonly used to create interactive effects within browsers
Indexing
The process of finding, exploring and storing data regarding web pages
Forms an index where all the data the search engine has gathered is located
Makes use of crawlers
Crawler
A program called a crawler
Traverses the web, following the links.
It takes each word in the document
It adds an entry for the page in the index
Alongside the word’s position on the page
PageRank
Compiles & ranks website pages by checking num & quality of links to a page in order to determine how important the page is
PageRank algorithm
PR(A) = (1 - d) + d( PR(T1)/C(T1) + … +PR(Tn)/C(Tn) )
PR(A) is the page rank of page A
C(Tn) is the total count of outrebound links from web page n, including inbound link to page A
Each page has notational vote of 1, shared between all we pages it links to
PR(Tn)/C(Tn) is the share of the vote page A gets from pages T1 through Tn
Each vote fractions are added and multiplied by d
d is the dampening factor that prevents PR(Tn)/C(Tn) from having too much influence, set to 0.85
Numerous iterations of algorithm would be required to calculate accurate page rank
Simpler formula: (A x d)/C
A is the page rank (initially 1)
d is 0.85
C is the number of pages A links to
Client-side processing
Initial data validation (Java Script)
Manipulates UI elements
Applies website styles (CSS)
Reduces load on server
Reduces we traffic
Server-side processing
Provides further validation
Queries & updates server database
Encodes data into readable HTML
Keeps organisation data secure
Performs complete calculations