Gas Laws

Ionic, metallic, and covalent bonds are all extremely …..

strong

In ionic and metallic substances

The entire substance is bonded on all sides and is made up of a pattern of repeating bonds

In MOST covalent substances, the entire substance is made up of what….

small molecules, together in one space

KMT has 4 components, what are they?

1. gases are made up of tiny moving particles

2. Volume is always considered 0

3. The force of attraction between gas particles is 0

4. Moving particles hit walls, pressure

Why is volume always considered 0 in KMT

Because the space between particles is so large, and particles are so small

In KMT, the particles’ speed can change …

temperature (hotter = faster)

What do we care about regarding volume in KMT

Don’t care about the volume of the molecules themselves; care about just the space they fill

Temp for gas laws is measured in

Kelvin - 273 degree C

Pressure for gas laws is measured in

1 atm = 760 mgHH

Combined Gas Law

When multiple variables change in a situation.

Boyle’s Law is

Pressure and Volume

Pressure (P) is _________ to volume (V)

inversely proportional

Boyle’s Law: when P goes up

Boyle’s Law: V goes down

Charles’s Law is

Volume and Temperature

Volume (V) is _____ to temperature

directly proportional

Charles’s Law: when V increases

Charles’s Law: T increases

Gay-Lussac’s Law:

Pressure and Temperature

Pressure (P) is ________ to temperature (T)

directly proportional

In Gay-Lussac’s Law: P increases

In Gay-Lussac’s Law: T increases

Avogadro’s Law:

Volume and Moles

Number of moles (n) is _______ to volume (v)

directly proportional

Avogadro’s Law: when n increases

Avogadro’s Law: v increases

The Ideal Gas Law:

nothing is changing

R =

0.0821 Latm/molK