Ch: 10 self and personality

lifespan development

Personality

Organized combination of attributes, motives, values, and behaviors unique to each individual.

Psychoanalytic theory

Freud's theory that personality develops during the first five years of life.

Archetypes

Universal themes, motifs, or symbols that evoke a profound emotional response and hold deep significance across cultures.

Id

Selfish, irrational part of personality that seeks need gratification.

Ego

Rational, problem-solving aspect of personality that mediates between the id and superego.

Superego

The moral standards or conscience that governs behavior.

Fixation

A psychological condition in which an individual becomes stuck or overly focused on a particular stage of development.

Oedipus complex

Unconscious desires for the opposite-sex parent and feelings of rivalry toward the same-sex parent during the phallic stage (ages 3-6).

Electra complex

The female counterpart to the Oedipus complex, occurring during the phallic stage of psychosexual development (ages 3-6).

Repression

The unconscious blocking of painful or anxiety-inducing thoughts and feelings.

Denial

Refusing to accept reality or facts, blocking external events from awareness.

Projection

Attributing one’s own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or desires onto someone else.

Displacement

Redirecting emotions or impulses from the original object to a safer target.

Psychosexual stages

Stages of personality development proposed by Freud, including oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital stages.

oral

(birth to 1 year) Trust in caretakers

Anal

 (1-3 years) Accomplishment from controlling body

phallic

 (3-6 years) Understanding of sex differences Oedipus complex

latent

(6-puberty) Social and intellectual skill development

genital

(Puberty-Death) Balance life areas (id, ego, superego developed

Trust vs. Mistrust

Erikson's first psychosocial stage where infants learn to trust caregivers or develop mistrust.

Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt

Erikson's second psychosocial stage where toddlers gain confidence in their abilities or develop shame and doubt.

Identity vs. Role Confusion

Erikson's fifth psychosocial stage during which adolescents explore various identities leading to stronger self-awareness.

Big Five (OCEAN)

Personality model identifying five core traits: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.

Openness

curious, original, intellectual, creative, and open to new ideas

Conscientiousness

organized, systematic, punctual, achievement oriented, and dependable

Extraversion

outgoing, talkative, sociable, and enjoys being in social situation

Agreeableness

affable, tolerant, sensitive, trusting, kind, and warm

Neuroticism

anxious, irritable, temperamental, and moody

Self-actualization

The realization of one's full potential and personal growth.

Marcia’s Identity Status

Four identity statuses including diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and identity achievement.

Midlife crisis

A period of emotional turmoil or self-reflection typically occurring between ages 40-60.

Activity Theory

Theory suggesting that successful aging is associated with staying active and maintaining social interactions.

Disengagement Theory

Theory proposing that aging involves a natural withdrawal from social roles, allowing for calm and reflection.