plant kingdom vocabulary

pollen

**dust-like particles** produced in the anthers of flowers

pollination

**transfer** of pollen

rhizoid

**hairlike threads** of cells that help hold nonvascular plants in place

rhizome

**underground stem** of a fern

sporophyte

stage in a plant cycle that **produces spores**

gametophyte

stage in a plant cycle that **produces sex cells**

nonvascular plant

has **no “pipes”**

vascular plant

**has** specialized tissues or **“pipes”**

gymnosperm

**non-flowering plants**

angiosperm

**flowering plants**

xylem

tissue that **transports water** and minerals

phloem

tissue that **transports sugar** molecules

stomata

**openings** of a leaf **that let carbon dioxide into the leaves**

cuticle

**waxy layer** that coats the surface of stems and leaves

sepal

leaf-like structure that **protects immature flower**

petal

**colorful structures** on a flower that attracts insects

stamen

**male reproductive** structure in flowers

pistil

**female reproductive** structure in flowers

stigma

**tip of pistil** that collects pollen

ovary

structure that **contains ovules**