Personality, emotion and motivation

UnConcious(freud)

acceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings and memories —> unaware

****this is special cuz he is the only one who really talks about the unconcious

Conscious (freud)

things we are aware of

Preconscious

things we can be aware of if we think of them

Free association

anything we think or say has connections to current life

Id

Devil

selfish and impulsive

pleasure principal

Pleasure Principal

demanding immidiate gratification

Ego

real self

executive part of personality

mediates demands

reality principal

reality principle

id desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather then pain

sencibility

Superego

Morallity

partly concious -internalized ideas and provides standards for judgement

morality principal

Morality principle

universes fundemental guidlines

honesty justice

Psychoanalytic

childhood repressed memories

its the parents fault for issues

Psychodynamic

child hood experiences impact current issues

critque is that it is uncoincous

Regression

going back in time to a place that you feel comfortable in

stuftanimals etc

repression

unconcious

banishes memories from current state

Projection

over empthasis on other peoples weaknesses

putting your own traits on to other people

getting attention off of you

Reaction formation

acting in opposite

switching impulses to the opposite (smiling instead of crying)

Rationalization

excuses

self-justifiying explaination in place of the real reason

Sublimation

anger→ productive work

transfering impulses into socially acceptable motives

going into boxing if your mad

denial

refusing to believe painful realities

displacement

anger on less threatening object

usually a person or an object

Projective test

unconcious test

subjective and vague

looks for patterns

interpretation of stimuli reveals aspects of personality

(ink thingys)

Thematic Apperception test

projecting internal psychological state onto an external stimuli

stories

Rorschach inkblots

free assciation inquirt phase

Humanistic theory

potential

who you are or can be

ideal(who you can be) vs real self

self actualizing tendency

fulfilling your potential

best version of yourself

person centered perspective

people are basically good and are endowed w/ self actualizing tendinces

acceptance

empathy

genuineness

Unconditional regard

love unconditionally→ needed for a fully functioning life

conditional

only love someone when they do what you want

self concept

who you are and our feelings about ourself

Trait theories

how to deal with the traits you are given

Factor analysis

statistical procedure that identitifys clusters of test items

personality inventories

questionare that people respond to in order to gauge a wide rang of feelings and behaviors

MMPI

Wildly researched and clinically used

Empricially derived-large group of items

Openness

Low : practical, prefers routine

High: imaginative variety

Conscientiousness

Low: disorganized , careless

High: organized careful

Extraversion

Low: retiring sober

High: sociable, fun loving

Agreeableness

Low: ruthless , suspicious

High: softhearted , trusting

Neuroticism

Low: calm secure

High: anxious and insecure

Person situation controversy

We don’t act the same around different people

Social cognitive

A view of behavior as influenced by the interaction. Between traits

Reciprocal determinism

Interacting influences of behavior and environment

Self efficacy

Belief in one’s ability to perform behaviors

Self concept

Environmental factors

Assessment Center Approach

Student teachers observed

Testing skills and behaviors

Instinct theory

Genetic behaviors

Species specific -designed by stimulus

Drive reduction

Inner pushes (homeostasis)

External pulls( incentive)

Internal tension

Arousal

Stimulation

Sensation seeking theory

Varied or novel experiences is the basis motivation

Experience seeking

A desire for novel sensory or mental experiences

Thrill or adventure seeking

Attraction to risky or fear inspiring activities

Disinhibition

Loss of self control

Yerkes and Dodson laws

Performance increases arousal only up to a point beyond which performance decreases

Self determination

Motivation to satisfy needs

Intrinsically motivated

Self love

Desire to perform behavior for its own sake

Extrinsically motivated

For a reward

Tangeable

Approach approach

Two equally desirable options

Avoidance avoidance

Choosing between two unpleasant household chores

Approach avoidance

One goal or event positive and negative effect

Glucose

Impacts on hunger

Low glucose → hunger

Major source of energy

Ghrelin

Sends hunger signals -makes you hungry

Leptin

Increases metabolism

Decreases hunger

Lateral hypothalamus

Triggers hunger

Ventrimedial

Suppresses appetite

Triggers satiety(full)

Pituitary gland

Hormones influences hunger and fullness

Set point

Point in which weight may be set

Below weight causes hunger→ lost weight restored

Basal metabolic rate

Low→ weight loss harder

High→ weight loss easier

Resting rate of energy

Output

James Lange

Stimulus →physical reaction→ emotions

Bear → sweating→fear

No thoughts

Cannon bard

Stimulus→ physical reaction + emotion

Bear→ sweating + scared

Together

Schachter singer

Stimulus→ physical response→ identify→ emotions

Bear→sweating→could be attacked → feelings

Zajonc & Ladoux

reflect later

stimulus→ amygdala→emotions

bear→impulse→scared

Richard Lazarus

Stimulus → cognitative puppiasisalli →emotions → physological response

bear→might attack → fear→ heart beat

display rules

social and cultural norms that decide when emotions should be expressed

facial feedback effect

certain facial expressions relate to certain emotions

behavior feedback effect

actions influence our thoughts and feelings

5 basic emotions

Fear

Anxiety

Disgust

Sadness

Happiness

Facial feedback effect

certain facial expressions relate to certain emotions

behavoir feedback effect

actions influnece our thoughts and feelings

smiling makes you happy

cognitive appraisal

the subjective, often unconscious, mental interpretation of an event that determines an individual’s emotional and behavioral response