unit 9 history test

Isolationism

believed that u.s. should stay out of international affairs

Lend Lease

a policy that gave the U.S. the authority to

sell, transfer, and lend Allied nations goods necessary

for war

The Atlantic Charter

established a foundation for

cooperation between Great Britain and the U.S. in World

War II

6. Pearl Harbor

The Imperial Japanese Army attacked the American Naval base at Pearl Harbor, HI on December

7, 1941

5. Double V. Campaign

Civil Rights leaders used the war to

promote racial equality at home and abroad

6. Executive Order 9066

relocated 90% of the Japanese-

American community to internment camps in the

U.S. to protect Americans from Disloyalty

7. D-Day

invasion of france to began march to defeat germany

8. Island Hopping

avoid certain islands and disrupt japanese communication and transportation lines

9. Battle of Midway

u.s. ships confronted fleet of Japanese destroyers at island of midway, stopped expansion of japense empire in pasific ocean

10. The Battle of Guadalcanal

• 1st major american offence in the pacific

• gave the u.s. critical airfield and allowed cont of island hoping

11. The Battle of Iwo Jima

invasion and gave u.s. military strategy location to commerce attack

12. Manhattan Project

attomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, japan

13. Yalta Conference

Franklin Roosevelt (United States), Winston Churchill (Great

Britain), and Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union) met in Yalta, Ukraine to negotiate a

deal for post-war peace before Germany or Japan surrendered.

14. GI Bill of Rights

to help veterans of the war adjust to American life and re-enter the work force.

15. Fair Deal

trumans,

he goal was to help the economy transition into peace time

• Expanded Social Security

• Raised minimum wage

• Increased Public housing

16. Suburbanization

Rapid growth of American suburbs/ interstate highway

17. Dwight D. Eisenhower

general in the military and president

18. Containment

the idea that the United States needed to limit Soviet influence to where it already existed rather than allow it to expand

19. Domino Theory

the idea that if one country fell to communism, another would

follow

20. X Article

offical document, Created by diplomat George Kennan in the Long Telegram, which described the

Soviet Union as a power-hungry totalitarian empire seeking to expand its influence

over weaker nations.

21. Truman Doctrine

The idea that the U.S. should provide soldiers, money, and

materials to aid the fight against communism throughout the world

22. Marshall Plan

Provided economic resources and a platform for regional

economic trade among European countries (American counterpart to Soviet

communism)

23. House Committee on Un-American Activities

investigated communist in business, academia and the arts

24. The 38th Parallel

line where north and south korea divided

25. The Bay of Pigs Fiasco

the U.S. trained Cuban forces to invade Cuba and out Castro’s government.The American trained forces tried to invade Cuba from the Bay of pigs, an area on Cuba’s coast. They were immediately captured causing embarrassment for the Kennedy administration and pushing Cuba even closer into a relationship with the Soviet Union

Cuban mistle crisis

American spy planes confirmed the presence of Russian missiles in Cuba, within striking distance of the United States. U.S. ships surrounded Cuba, seeking to stop Soviet ships from landing on the Island, causing a stand off between the two superpowers. The standoff almost led to war. Eventually, Russia agreed to remove the missiles from Cuba, in xchange for the U.S. removing missiles from Turkey and promising not to invade Cuba

27. American Isolationism: Why were Americans suspicious of foreign involvement before World War II?

many americans opposed to entering war

the belived that the u.s. could be dragged into war or cost the U.S. a lot of money

American Isolationism: What laws has Congress passed to stop the United States from entering a war, and how did they try to stop the U.S. from entering conflict?

Congress passed a series of Neutrality Acts limiting the United States’ ability to loan money or sell weapons to warring nations

American Isolationism: How did President Franklin Roosevelt work around isolationist laws?

Roosevelt stopped the U.S. from joining the war or helping American allies directly. He also refused to allow Jewish refugees from Germany to enter the U.S.

American Isolationism: What finally pushed Americans to desire war?

peral harbor

World War II at Home: How did President Franklin Roosevelt transition the American economy into a state of war?

Roosevelt agreed to fund 100% of war production, which increased corporate profits by 220-350%, sufficiently pulling the U.S. out of the Great Depression

World War II at Home: What impact did the U.S.’s entry into World War II have on American businesses?

Roosevelt agreed to fund 100% of war production, which increased corporate profits

World War II at Home: How did women participate in the American war effort

• American women were a vital part of the American war effort, taking up employment opportunities and roles in the domestic workforce that were rarely open to women before the war.

• entered factories that produced materials for the war effort, such as vehicles, weapons, and ammunition

• Many women also joined the military, serving as nurses, mechanics, truck drivers, and office assistants

World War II at Home: How did African Americans and other minorities participate in the American war effort?

• 2.5 million African Americans served in the military in some

  capacity

• help produce the necessary food and materials for the war

World War II Military Strategy: Why did the allies decide to pursue a “Europe First” strategy in World War II?

Roosevelt and his planners decided to focus their efforts on Europe first because they were concerned that Britain would not be able to remain in the war much longer.

World War II Military Strategy: Why did the Allies invade Northern Africa?

remove german army from africa and defeat italy

World War II Military Strategy: How did the Allies try to divide the German army?

by invading western europe

World War II Military Strategy: What was the US strategy in the Pacific Front?

Island Hopping, Avoid certain islands of strategic value and disrupt Japanese communication and transportation lines and avoid major Japanese strong holds

G.I. Bill of Rights: What was the G.I. Bill’s purpose?

to help veterans of the war adjust to American life and re-enter the work force.

G.I. Bill of Rights: How did it help veterans after World War II

• Providing them with one year’s worth of unemployment pay

• Paying tuition for college or trade school and housing during their educational programs so that they could

pursue an education

• Providing low interest housing and business loans

G.I. Bill of Rights: Who was left out of the G.I. Bill?

• Were discharged from the military dishonorably

• African Americans were only able to use their benefits at schools that accepted Black students.

Containment: What was the doctrine of Containment?

United States foreign policy during the Cold War, initiated in 1947 to halt the expansion of Soviet communist influence

Containment: Which document did the document of Containment come from, and what did it argue?

the long telegram

limit soviet influence to where it already exsited

Containment: How did Containment inform the U.S.’s early-Cold War Strategy?

The Red Scare: What international events sparked the Red Scare in the United States?

Senator Joseph McCarthy claimed to have a list of known communists working in the American State Department included a number Communists, starting the Second Red Scare

The Red Scare: How did the Federal government respond to the fear of communists in the 1940s and 1950?

1. Executive Order 9835 gave the FBI power to investigate government employees for disloyalty

2. House Committee on Un-American Activities investigated communists in business, academia, and the arts

Red Scare: Which of the following international events sparked the Red Scare? 

The Soviet Union successfully tested its first atomic bomb and commuinst won the chinese civil war