3.1.2.5.1 General information processing model

Infromation processing

Methods that data is collected from the environment and utilised

Flow of information processing

Input, decision making, output, feedback

Input

Information received from the display (the environment) through the senses

Receptor systems and the types

Specialised sensory cells that detect changes and send impulses to the brain: Visual, auditory, tactile, kinesthesis

Kinesthesis

Inner sense giving information about body movement/muscular tension

Exteroceptors

Detect external stimuli

Proprioceptors

Sense of body position

Purpose of properireceptors

Maintain balance, coordinate movement, provide position feedback

Perception

Process of organising/interpreting sensory information

What influences perception

Experience, arousal and complexity

Selective attention

Ability to focus on relevant environmental stimuli

Developing/Training methods for selective attention

Game like scenarios with distractions, Increase intensity of stimulus, Increase fitness to reduce fatigue and improve selective attention

Benefits of selective attention

Faster decision making (DCR process), reduced cognitive overload, tactical awareness, better anticipation

DCR

Detection, comparison, recognition

Multi store memory model

Sensory store/register, STM, LTM

Working memory

Limited capacity (7 items) and duration (<30 seconds) to hold information during processing

Long term memory

Unlimited and permanent storage to store motor programmes, support comparison and recognition

Methods to strengthen long term memory

Rewards, positive association, chunking, repetition

Stages in Bradley + Hitch Working Memory Model

Central executive, Phonological loop, Viso-Spatial Sketchpad, Episodic buffer

Central executive

Controls attention and manage the flows of information to and from the various components of working memory

Phonological loop

Process auditory information to produce memory trace (blueprint to trigger movement). Made up of phonological store and articulatory control process

Viso-Spatial Sketchpad

Temporarily stores visual and spatial information

Episodic buffer

Integrates information from Phonological loop and Viso-Spatial Sketchpad into long term memory by ‘chunking’ together

Output

Motor response selected and executed

What does the output depend on

Motor programme quality, practice, coordination and feedback