Political Science - Chapter 5

The distinction between civil rights and civil liberties is that civil rights ____ while civil liberties ____.

protect against discrimination; are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights

The Missouri Compromise ____.

limited the expansion of slavery while maintaining the balance of slave states

Plessy v. Ferguson established ____.

the "separate but equal" doctrine

The principle of ____ was used in many court cases to deny women equal rights.

protectionism

Most of the differences in voter turnout among whites relative to racial minorities can be accounted for by ____.

education and income

The gaps between whites and blacks on health measure are ____ and in many cases ____.

large; increasing

Early in the nation's history, civil rights activism was focused on ____.

African Americans

Early in the civil rights movement (before the 1960s), which governmental body provided most of the successes?

The Supreme Court

The difference between de facto segregation and de jure segregation is that de facto segregation ____, while de jure segregation ____.

is the result of circumstances; is mandated by law

Minorities receive the strongest protection as the "suspect classification" when which test is applies?

strict scrutiny

The VRA ____.

eliminated direct obstacles to minority voting in the South

Relative to the protection of individuals with disabilities, congress's track record in protecting gay rights is ____.

weaker

What did the case Regents of the University of California v. Bakke establish?

that race could be used as a "plus factor" in the admissions process