HIGH STALINISM 2

Who got the top job in non Russian republics?

russians

What was imposed on newly annexed countries?

soviet central planning, collective farming

Who was deported in the baltic states?

deportations to Siberia and Kazakhstan

In all, how many were deported from the new soviet republics?

142,000 people

What were some notable peasant uprisings?

145-9 so in 1948 Russian migrants took their homes

What are some examples of the loss of culture?

Latvians and Lithuanians were denigrated, Moldovan language had Russian words added and was written in Cyrillic letters, ukranian decreasingly taught in schools q

What happened in 1948 to the Jewish anti-fascist committee?

had helped thousands of Russian jews fight the Nazi and was now closed down, its leaders and thousands executed

What fact about Karl Marx was hidden?

that he was jewish

What did Stalin talk about doing to jewish people?

setting a special area for jews in east Siberia (very worried as many jewish connections lay in the west as the new state of Isreal was backed by America)

What became customary for the academic articles?

for the first and last paragraphs to acknowledge Stalin as a genius on the subject

What does Historian Freeze say about the cult of personality?

Stalin was accorded God like veneration in the post war years

What was Stalin portrayed as?

the world greatest living genius

Why is it ironic that Stalin was portrayed as a ‘man of the people’?

hadn’t visited a village for 25yrs and spent his last years in a dachau outside Moscow

What was Stalin assumed to have known?

what everything was doing and thinking

When did Stalin’s cult reach his peak?

on his 70th birthday when there’d square was dominated by a giant portrait of Stalin suspended in the sky and illuminated by a halo of search lights

What are examples of towns competing to rename themselves after Stalin?

Stalingrad, stalino, stalinsk, stalinanbad and Stalinogorsk and the proposol to rename Moscow to Stalinodor

What were Stalin prizes?

implemented to reward artistic or scientific work to counter balance the western Nobel prize

What happened to photos of Stalin?

retouched to remove the pockmarks on his face

What was order number 270?

soviet POWs subject to the same fate as traitors (by 1953 almost 5.5 million had been repatriated and a fifth sent to the gulag)

What is the Stalin quote about POWS?

unclean, besmirched and potentially traitorous

How many senior doctors were condemned to death?

9

What showcases the extent of anti jewish hysteria?

non jews were worried to enter hospitals and were shunned by jewish doctors

Wnat did Stalin threaten Ignatiev with (minister of state security) if he failed to obtain jewish confessions?

execution

What happened to the director of jewish theatre of Moscow in 1948?

mysteriously killed in a car crash in 1948

What did Stalin claim about jewish people?

they were in the pay of the US and Isreal and were absuing their position in the medical field to harm the US

Who is Golda Meir?

the arrival if the isreali ambassador in 1948 who wa enthusiastically cheered by soviet Jews

When was the armed uprising in gulags?

1949-50

What did Gulags own statistics show?

32% od prisoners had not filled their work quotas

When did the Mingrelaina case continue until?

1952 and was unresolved by Stalin’s death

What was the 1951 Mingrelain case?

target were party officials in Georgia, officials were mostly mingrelian

What is an example of the myth of the defence of Leningrad?

Shostakovich;s iconic seventh city ‘Leningrad’ (composed and performed during the siege)

What is an example of someone being successful under Zhadanov in the Leningrad party?

Voznesenski (an economic expert)

What massacres occured, that Stalin did not receive criticism for?

Katyn in Poland and Kuropaty outside Minsk

What did the Soviet authorities do to the nazi concentration camps?

used them as their own purposes until the early 1950s

Who was sent to guide the Nuremberg 1945 trials?

Vyshinsky (judge from the show trials)

Whan was Zhadnovism launched?

1946

What are two example fo writers being purged?

satirist Zoshchenko’s (the adventure of monkey) and a collection of poems by Akhmatova, publishers were purged and the authors expelled from the union of soviet writers

What happened to the author Pasternak?

condemned for his ‘apolitical’ poems, his girlfriend was sent to a gulag

What happened to long dead authors like Dostoevsky?

they were attacked for lacking ‘socialist qualities’

What did Lenin call Stall?

great Russian chauvinist

Why did Chemsitry suffer but not physics so much?

they needed physics for quantum mechanics to develop the bombs but did reject Einstein’s theory of relatively

What is socialist realism?

promoted as the true soviet art in the 1920s and 1930s and was re-asserted as the norm in literature, art and cinema

What did the biologist Lysenko (1948) push for?

the idea that heritable changes in plants could be achieved through changes to the environment

What was Stalin’s 1950 book ‘marxism and the problem of linguistics’?

he dismissed class theories of linguistics and the development of the Russian language, tracing it to the RSFSR (academics thought Kiev)

Why was the great director Eisenstein attacked?

for his film ‘Ivan the terrible’ as he portrayed the tsars bodyguards as thugs rather than a progressive army

What did condemned artists have to do?

a [public recantation of their errors in order to continue working

What did Novels, plays and films show?

denigrate American commercialism or extolled socialist achievements

What did Stalin call Akhmatova despite being a symbol of Leningrad resistance?

‘half nun, Half whore’

What museum was closed down?

state museum of modern western art

How were foreign influences blocked?

only a few approved foreign books were translated into Russian, foreign radio transmissions were jammed, communist foreign papers were blocked

What happened to jewish art?

jewish artists were suppressed, jewish newspapers closed down, nazi war crimes portrayed as ‘fascist crimes’ without mentioning jewish people

What did the regime do to science in 1948?

gave Lysenko complete dominance, he crippled soviet scientific development and the subjects were defined by ‘communist principles’

What happened to musicians Shostakovich and Profokiev?

criticised for ‘rootless cosmpolitianism’ and ‘anti socialist tendencies’, found it difficult to get their music performed, removed from teaching posts and profokievs wife was imprisoned to intimidate him

What was Stalins stance on Russian literary classics?

mixed as Stalin saw nationalism as more important than class, so saw Pushkin aa important (despite aristocratic background)s

Why were theatres attacked?

for staging too many western plays