Year 10 Physical Education Exam Revision

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering the skeletal, muscular, circulatory, and respiratory systems, as well as fitness components, energy systems, and training principles.

Functions of the Skeletal System

To provide movement for the body, maintain shape and posture, protect vital organs, support the body, and generate heat.

Long Bones

Bones such as the Femur and Humerus.

Short Bones

Bones such as the Tarsals, Carpals, and Phalanges.

Flat Bones

Bones such as the Ribs, Sternum, and Cranium.

Irregular Bones

Bones such as the Vertebrae and Sacrum.

Sesamoid Bones

A bone type exemplified by the Patella.

Muscle Types

The three types are Skeletal (e.g., Biceps), Smooth (e.g., Digestive System), and Cardiac (e.g., Heart).

Maximum Heart Rate Calculation

$$220 - \text{age} = \text{Maximum Heart Rate (bpm)}$$

Arteries

Blood vessels that pump blood away from the heart.

Veins

Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart.

Red Blood Cells

Cells that carry oxygen around the body.

White Blood Cells

Cells that fight infections.

Average Resting Heart Rate for a Teenager

$$60 - 100\text{ bpm}$$

Alveoli

Air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

Specificty

A training principle stating you get what you train for; for example, lifting weights will improve strength and power.

Frequency

The number of times that you train, such as 3 training sessions a week.

Progressive Overload

A training principle where the workload is gradually increased so that fitness improvements can be made.

Variety

Changing up training sessions (location, partners, intensity) to keep a person motivated.

ATP-CP System

An energy system used for very high intensity and explosive activity with no oxygen and short duration.

Anaerobic Glycolysis

An energy system used for high intensity for a short period of time without the use of oxygen.

Aerobic Glycolysis

An energy system used for low intensity and long duration activities that requires oxygen.

Fartlek Training

A training method that involves bursts of speed during a continuous training session.

Interval Training

Training best suited to sports with high levels of active periods followed by rest periods, such as football or netball.

Stork Stand Test

A fitness test used to measure balance.

Ruler Drop Test

A fitness test used to measure reaction time.

Beep Test

A fitness test used to evaluate cardiovascular endurance.

Alternate Hand Wall Throw

A fitness test used to measure coordination.