Sodium and Sodium Chloride: Bonding and Reactivity Flashcards chemistry p1

Vocabulary flashcards covering the structure, bonding, and reactivity of sodium, chlorine, and sodium chloride based on lecture notes.

Describe how sodium conducts thermal energy.

Thermal energy is conducted through sodium by delocalised electrons from the outer shell that are free to move and transfer energy through the structure.

Conditions for sodium chloride ($NaCl$) electrical conductivity

Sodium chloride must be molten or dissolved in water so that the ions are mobile and free to move.

Chlorine vs. Bromine reactivity

Chlorine is more reactive than bromine because its outer shell is closer to the nucleus, resulting in a greater attraction that allows it to gain an outer shell electron more easily.

Electron transfer in $NaCl$ formation

In the reaction between sodium and chlorine, the sodium atom loses one outer shell electron and the chlorine atom gains one electron.

Structure of sodium chloride vs bonding of oxygen.

Both have strong bonds and particles have full outer shells. However sodium chloride is a compound and has a giant structure of ions while oxygen is a small molecule, oxygen is also covalent and is joined by a double bond.

Purpose of excess copper carbonate

Used in the reaction stage to ensure that all of the acid reacts or dissolves.