History & Initial Hypothesis - Lower Extremity

facet pain syndrome

restricted motion of lumbar spine associated with low back or buttock pain, exacerbated a pattern of movement that indicates possible opening or closing joint restriction

discogenic pain

reports of centralization or peripheralization of symptoms during repetitive movements or prolonged periods in certain positions

lumbar radiculopathy/sciatica

lower extremity pain/paresthesias, which is greater than the LBP; may report episodes of LE weakness

spinal stenosis

pain in the lower extremities that is exacerbated by extension and quickly relieved by flexion of the spine

lumbar instability

recurrent locking, catching or giving away of the low back during active motion

sprain/strain (lumbar)

LBP that is exacerbated by stretch of either ligament or muscles; may also report pain with contraction of muscle

greater trochanteric bursitis, muscle strain

reports of pain at the lateral thigh, exacerbated with transfers from STS

OA (hip)

age > 60; hip pain and stiffness with possible radiation to groin

labral tear (hip)

reports of clicking/catching in hip joint; exacerbated by end-range flexion or extension

muscle strain/sprain (hip)

reports of repetitive or overuse injury

avascular necrosis

deep aching throb in hip or groin, possible history of steroid use

anterior FAI

sharp pain in groin

piriformis syndrome, hamstring strain, ischial bursitis

gluteal region pain with occasional radiation into posterior thigh and calf

ligamentous injury, patellar subluxation, quads rupture, meniscal tear

traumatic onset of knee pain that occurred during jumping, twisting, or COD with foot planted

PCL injury

traumatic injury from posteriorly directed force to tibia with knee flexed

MCL/LCL injury

trauma with varus or valgus force to knee

patellar tendinitis, PFPS

anterior knee pain with jumping and full knee flexion

meniscal tear, loose body

knee swelling with occasional locking and clicking

PFP

pain with prolonged knee flexion, with squatting, and while negotiating stairs

OA (knee)

morning stiffness

ankle sprain, fx, peroneal nerve impingement

trauma involving forced inversion or eversion

syndesmotic ankle sprain

trauma to ankle that included rotation on planted foot

medial tibial stress syndrome

anterior shin tenderness, excessive pronation, symptoms with repetitive WB activities

Achilles tendon rupture

trauma resulting in inability to PF

Achilles tendinopathy, Sever's disease

pain with stretch to calf during gait

plantar fasciitis

pain at heel with first few steps in AM; pain in heel after prolonged walking

tarsal tunnel syndrome, sciatica, lumbar radiculopathy

pain or paresthesias to plantar foot

Morton's neuroma, metatarsalgia

inter-metatarsal pain that may worsen when shod