Disorders of Hepatobiliary & Pancreas Function

These flashcards cover key concepts and definitions related to hepatobiliary and pancreatic disorders as reviewed in the lecture.

Hepatobiliary Function Tests

Tests that assess liver function including levels of ALT, AST, serum protein, prothrombin time, serum bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase.

Cirrhosis

A chronic liver disease where normal liver architecture is replaced with fibrotic tissue, disrupting vascular channels and leading to portal hypertension.

Portal Hypertension

Increased resistance in the portal venous system resulting in elevated portal vein pressure, commonly due to cirrhosis.

Cholelithiasis

The presence of gallstones in the gallbladder, primarily composed of cholesterol and bilirubin.

Hepatitis A

A viral liver infection caused by a small unenveloped single stranded RNA virus, transmitted via the fecal-oral route.

Acute Pancreatitis

An inflammatory condition caused by autodigestion of the pancreas due to inappropriately activated enzymes, often presenting with severe abdominal pain.

Hepatitis B

A viral liver infection caused by a double-stranded DNA virus, transmitted through infected blood or sexual contact.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

A liver condition characterized by lipid accumulation within hepatocytes, often linked with metabolic dysfunction.

Pancreatic Cancer

A highly aggressive cancer that often presents with dull epigastric pain and jaundice, typically diagnosed in advanced stages.

Cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder, which can be acute or chronic and is frequently caused by gallstone obstruction.