Social Science I - Part 1 Kerala Standard IX Flashcards

A comprehensive set of practice flashcards covering human history from the Stone Age, the rise of early Indian states, land grant systems, the Indian Constitution's power distribution, and demographic trends.

What are the three stages of the Stone Age based on the method used to make stone tools?

The Stone Age is divided into the Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic ages.

From which Greek words is the term 'Palaeolithic' derived?

It is derived from 'palaeos' (old) and 'lithos' (stone).

What is the 'blade technique' mentioned in the context of Stone Age tools?

It is a method used by primitive humans towards the end of the Palaeolithic period to create tools from stone flakes.

Define 'Bands' as described in the social structure of the Palaeolithic Age.

Bands are small groups of fewer than $100$ members bound by blood relation, which served as the basic units of society.

What characterizes 'microliths' in the Mesolithic Age?

Microliths are very small stone tools that became common during the Mesolithic transition period.

What term did Gordon Childe use to describe the radical changes in human life during the Neolithic Age?

He referred to these transformations as the 'Neolithic Revolution.'

What is the 'Fertile Crescent'?

A crescent-shaped region where evidence suggests agriculture first began, covering areas in the modern Middle East.

What are the 'Triratnas' in Jainism?

The three principles for attaining 'Moksha' (salvation): Right Belief, Right Knowledge, and Right Action.

What is the 'Ashtangamarga' in Buddhism?

The Eight Fold Path suggested by Buddha to destroy desire and end sorrow; it is also known as the 'Middle Path.'

What were the 'Mahajanapadas'?

The $16$ large political entities or states that came into being in India around the $6\text{th}$ century BCE.

Define the 'Saptanga Theory' found in the Arthashastra.

A theory stating a kingdom rests on seven components: Swami (king), Amathya (ministers), Janapada (land and people), Durga (fort), Kosha (treasury), Danda (justice), and Mitra (allies).

Who were the 'Samanthas' during the Gupta period?

Conquered rulers who were allowed to continue governing their territories autonomously as subordinates to the Gupta kingdom.

What was the 'Ghatiyantra' used for in ancient Indian agriculture?

Also known as 'Araghata', it was a wheel with attached pots used to raise water from wells to irrigate farmlands.

Define 'Srenis' (or Guilds).

Associations of craftsmen and traders responsible for collecting raw materials, controlling production, and marketing finished goods.

What distinguish the 'Dravidian style' of architecture?

A South Indian temple style featuring huge mandapas, Sreekovil (Sanctum Sanctorum), Vimana, and tall gopuras (towers).

When was the Constitution of India formally adopted by the Constituent Assembly?

It was adopted on the $26\text{th}$ day of November, $1949$.

What are the three lists mentioned in the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution for the division of powers?

The Union List, the State List, and the Concurrent List.

What is 'Judicial Review'?

The power of the Supreme Court to examine the constitutionality of laws made by Parliament or orders passed by the Executive.

Define 'Demography' based on its Greek roots.

Derived from 'demos' (people) and 'graphia' (description), it is the systematic study of population structure and trends.

What is the 'Dependency Ratio'?

The criterion used to compare the dependent category of the population (below $15$ and above $64$ years) with the working population ($15$ to $64$ years).