Social studies Quiz study guide

What was the 13th amendment and when was it ratified

The 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States and was ratified on December 6, 1865.

What was the 14h amendment and when was it ratified

The 14th Amendment granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States and was ratified on July 9, 1868. It also guaranteed equal protection under the law.

What was the 15th amendment and when was it ratified

The 15th Amendment granted African American men the right to vote and was ratified on February 3, 1870.

What was Plessy Vs. Ferguson 1896?

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws.

What is “separate but equal”?

The doctrine that upheld racial segregation, stating that facilities for separate races could be considered equal, established by the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896).

What were the Jim crow laws

Jim Crow laws were a collection of state and local statutes that legalized racial segregation in the United States.

Who was Ida B Wells

pioneering African American investigative journalist, sociologist, and civil rights leader who lived from 1862 to 1931. She is best remembered for leading a fearless anti-lynching crusade in the 1890s, fighting for women's suffrage, and being one of the founding members of the NAACP. [1, 2]

Naacp and their stratagy

the oldest and most influential civil rights organization in the United States, founded in 1909. Its core strategy combined systemic legal challenges, political lobbying, and public awareness campaigns to dismantle racial segregation, combat mob violence, and secure constitutional rights.

who was W.E.B Du Bois and what did he do

a groundbreaking American sociologist, historian, and civil rights activist. As the first African American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard University, he fundamentally transformed how race and structural inequality were understood in the United States and became a foundational leader in the modern civil rights movement.

What was brown V.S. Board of education (1954)

(1954) was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that declared state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional. The unanimous ruling struck down the "separate but equal" doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), ruling that segregated schools were inherently unequal.

what is legal precedent

Legal precedent is a principle or rule established in a previous court case that guides judges in deciding subsequent cases with similar facts or legal issues. It promotes fairness, stability, and consistency in the legal system.

who was Thurgood Marshall and what did he do

Thurgood Marshall (1908–1993) was an American civil rights lawyer and the first African American Supreme Court Justice. Nicknamed "Mr. Civil Rights," he led the NAACP's legal team, notably arguing the landmark 1954 Brown v. Board of Education case that ended legal school segregation.

What was “All deliberate speed”?

a famously vague legal phrase used by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1955 to instruct states on how quickly they needed to desegregate public schools. It allowed states to delay integration under the guise of careful planning, effectively permitting segregation to persist for years.

What was the little rock 9

The Little Rock Nine were nine African American students who integrated Little Rock Central High School in 1957 following the Brown v. Board of Education ruling.

Who was Elizibeth Eckford and what did she do

civil rights activist and one of the Little Rock Nine. In 1957, she became a national icon of the Civil Rights Movement when she calmly walked alone through a screaming, hostile mob to desegregate the previously all-white Little Rock Central High School in Arkansas.

Who Was Daisy Bates and what did she do

American civil rights activist, journalist, and publisher. She is best known for her pivotal role in mentoring and guiding the Little Rock Nine during the 1957 integration of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. [1, 2]

Who was governer Faubus and what did he do

Orval Faubus was the 36th Governor of Arkansas, serving an unprecedented six consecutive terms from 1955 to 1967. He is best known for igniting the 1957 Little Rock Crisis by using the Arkansas National Guard to prevent nine Black students from desegregating Central High School.

Who was President Eisenhower and what did he do?

In 1957, when Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus used the National Guard to block the integration of Little Rock Central High School, Eisenhower took decisive action. He federalized the Arkansas National Guard and sent the 101st Airborne Division of the U.S. Army to Little Rock to protect the "Little Rock Nine" and enforce the federal court's desegregation orders