Unit 12 Chemistry Flashcards - Solutions and Acids & Bases

Intramolecular Forces

Forces within a molecule that holds atoms together

Intermolecular Forces

Forces that occur between different molecules

1a. of IMF — Dipole-Dipole Attraction

Occur between 2 polar molecules

How strong is a dipole-dipole attraction?

1% as strong as ionic or covalent bonds

Which intermolecular force has a moderate IMF?

Dipole-Dipole Attraction

1b. of IMF — Hydrogen Bonding

Attraction between H (that’s directly bonded to FONCl) in one molecule and FONCl in the other

Which intermolecular force has the strongest IMF?

Hydrogen Bonding

What does H-Bonding cause?

Surface Tension, Cohesion AND Adhesion

Cohesion

Water sticks to itself

Adhesion

Water sticks to other stuff

What causes water to boil at a high temperature?

H-Bonding

It takes a lot of energy to do what?

To break H-Bonds in order for water to become a gas

What occurs between non-polar molecules?

London Dispersion Forces

London Dispersion Forces’ attractive force is…?

Temporary

The larger the molecule, the more of…?

More London Dispersion Force (LDF)

Which intermolecular force has the weakest IMF?

London Dispersion Forces

Define Vapor Pressure

The pressure of the vapor over a liquid at equilibrium in a closed container (at a given temp.)

If something is volatile, then…?

It easily turns into a gas

Less IMF = …? …?

MORE vapor pressure AND a LOWER boiling point

Define Boiling Point

The temp. at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is EQUAL to the atmospheric pressure on the liquid.