Social Science: Meaning, Scope, and Importance

Vocabulary flashcards covering the basic definitions, core disciplines, guiding values, and Indian perspectives of Social Science based on the provided notes.

Social Science

The systematic study of human society and the relationship between the individual and society, social institutions, and organisations.

James High’s definition

Bodies of learning and study which recognise the simultaneous and mutual action of physical and non - physical stimuli which produce social relations.

James High’s definition

Bodies of learning and study which recognise the simultaneous and mutual action of physical and non-physical stimuli which produce social relations.

Charles Beard’s definition

A body of knowledge and thought pertaining to human affairs as distinguished from sticks, stones, stars and physical objects.

Systems and institutions

Organised structures such as government, law, courts, schools, police, markets, banks, and local bodies that shape how society works.

Geography

The study of the Earth as the home of human beings, including landforms, climate, rivers, soils, forests, and how people use the environment.

Remote sensing

A method using satellite images to study and track rivers, forests, cities, crops, and coastlines to support disaster management and track urban growth.

History

The study of the past and its changes over time to understand why the present is shaped the way it is, exploring events, movements, and cultural developments.

Political Science

The study of how societies are governed, focusing on government institutions, laws, rights, duties, and ways people participate in public life.

Economics

The study of how people and societies manage limited resources and make choices regarding the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.

Inclusivity

The practice of ensuring that everyone feels respected and can participate fully by removing barriers and preventing exclusion or discrimination.

Sustainability

The responsible use of resources so that present needs are met without harming the ability of future generations to meet theirs.

Diversity

The presence and respectful recognition of differences among people, including language, religion, region, caste, tribe, gender, age, and cultural practices.

Equity

Fairness in opportunities and outcomes, which may require additional support for those facing disadvantages like poverty, disability, or long-term exclusion.

Fraternity

The idea that all citizens should relate to one another with respect and a shared sense of togetherness.

Indian Secularism

A distinctive focus on protecting religious freedom while ensuring that the state treats all faiths fairly in a diverse democracy.

Scientific temper

A spirit of inquiry and reform that encourages questioning rumors and stereotypes while looking for evidence and multiple causes for social issues.

Decentralisation

The sharing of decision-making power with local bodies so that governance is closer to people's daily needs.

Prejudice

An unfair judgement about a person or group formed without sufficient knowledge or evidence.

Migration

The movement of people from one place to another, often for work, which affects society, public services, and the economy.

Panchayati Raj Institutions

Local self-government bodies strengthened by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act as a step towards decentralisation and wider participation in India.