Developmental Exam - Teratogens

thalidomide

can cause limb reduction or ear abnormalities

streptomycin

can cause hearing loss

tetracycline

can cause stained teeth or enamel hypoplasia

valproic acid

can cause neural tube defects like spina bifida, dysmorphic facial features

neural tube defect

NTD

carbamazepine

can cause NTD

thalidomide

was used for morning sickness

streptomycin

antibiotic

tetracycline

used to treat STDs or skin infections

valproic acid

treats migraines, epilepsy, or mood disorders

carbamazepine

anticonvulsant for epilepsy or mood disorders

toxoplasmosis

causes hydrocephalus, blindness, and ID

hydrocephalus

causes blindness and ID

varicella

causes skin scars, limb reduction, muscle atrophy, and ID

syphilis

causes abnormal teeth and bones and ID

cytomegalovirus (CMV)

causes growth and development decline, microcephaly, hearing loss, ocular abnormalities

herpes (primary)

causes pregnancy loss and eye abnormalities

herpes (active)

vertical transmission at delivery

methylmercury

can cause cerebral atrophy, spasticity, or ID

lead

can cause pregnancy loss or CNS damage

PCBs

can cause LBW or skin discoloration

IDD

can cause heart defects, NTD, or limb defects

hypo/hyperthyroidism

can cause goiter and decrease in growth/development

phenylketonuria

can cause pregnancy loss, microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, and heart defects

HTN

often causes LBW

autoimmune disorder

can cause congenital heart block or pregnancy loss

1. cigarette smoking

2. hyperthermia

3. chronic alcoholism

4. therapeutic radiation

4 reproductive toxins