Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism – Study Guide

Karma

The effects of one’s actions in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism.

Samsara

The cycle of rebirth in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism.

Ultimate Goal of Life in Hinduism

Moksha.

Ultimate Goal of Life in Buddhism

Nirvana.

Ultimate Goal of Life in Sikhism

To merge with God and be free from the cycle of rebirth.

Meditation in Buddhism

Meditation is the largest spiritual practice in Buddhism.

Middle Way in Buddhism

Buddha’s enlightened view of life.

Waheguru

God in Sikhism.

Founder of Buddhism

Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha).

Founder of Sikhism

Guru Nanak.

Ashoka the Great

An emperor who spread Buddhism by sending missionaries across Asia.

Sikh Gurus

The first ten leaders of Sikhism, important for their teachings.

Main Message of Guru Nanak

There is one God, and social equality.

Main Holy Books of Hinduism

Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita.

Main Holy Book of Buddhism

Tripitaka.

Main Holy Book of Sikhism

Guru Granth Sahib.

Place of Worship for Hinduism

Mandir (temple).

Place of Worship for Buddhism

Vihara (temple).

Place of Worship for Sikhism

Gurdwara.

Diwali

A major holiday in Hinduism known as the Festival of Lights.

Holi

A major holiday in Hinduism known as the Festival of Colors.

Vesak

A major holiday in Buddhism that celebrates Buddha.

Vaisakhi

A major holiday in Sikhism celebrating the harvest.

Gurpurab

A significant holiday in Sikhism celebrating the birthdays of the Gurus.

Seva

Selfless service in Sikhism.

Langar

A community kitchen in the Gurdwara that emphasizes equality.

Spread of Buddhism

Expanded through the efforts of Ashoka the Great.

Role of Trade Routes

Facilitated the spread of religions including Buddhism and Sikhism.

Similarity Between the Three Religions

Belief in karma and the cycle of rebirth.

Major Difference Between Sikhism and Other Religions

Sikhism emphasizes the oneness of God and social equality as central tenets.

View of Social Class and Equality

All three religions advocate for some level of social equality.

Beliefs About Life After Death

Rebirth in the cycle of samsara until moksha, nirvana, or merging with God.