Science Olympiad: Remote Sensing #1

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Active sensing

This occurs when the satellite produces radiation on its own, and then senses the backscatter.

Why is active sensing important?

This is useful since it does not depend on outside radiation, but it uses up energy more quickly.

Name two piece of equipment that uses active sensing.

laser fluorosensor and synthetic aperture radar

Passive sensing

Sensing that use naturally available radiation to create a picture.

Optical Imager

Lens or mirror system from reflected, refracted, or diffracted light waves.

Infrared Imager

Temperature map used to see the infrared spectrum.

Radiometer

An instrument for detecting or measuring the intensity or force of radiation.

LiDAR

Short for Light Detection and Ranging. It is similar to RADAR but uses laser pulses and continuous-wave lasers instead of radio waves.

Radar Altimetry

Measures altitude above the ground to the earth by an aircraft by timing how long it takes a beam of radio waves to travel to the ground, reflect, and return to the craft.

Precipitation Radar

The first spaceborne instrument designed to provide three-dimensional maps of storm structures.

Planck Function

The distribution of the intensity at each wavelength or frequency in black-body radiation.

Stefan-Boltzmann Law

The power radiated from a black body in terms of its temperature.

Beam Attenuation

The reduction of the intensity of an x-ray beam as it traverses matter.

Absorption by Aerosols

Aerosols absorb light, reducing the amount of sunlight reaching the surface and heating their surroundings.

Scattering by Aerosols

The small scattering particles suspended in air are called aerosols, so this kind of scattering.

Refraction Indices

A dimensionless number that indicates the light-bending ability of that medium.

Refractive Indices

A value calculated from the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to that in a second medium of greater density.

Scattering Gravity

The deflection of the paths of particles passing near a massive body.