Renin-Angiotensin System and Regulation of Urine Concentration

Flashcards summarizing key terms and concepts from the Renin-Angiotensin System and Urine Concentration Regulation.

Renin

An enzyme released by the kidneys that converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.

Angiotensin II

A peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and stimulates the release of aldosterone.

Aldosterone

A hormone that promotes sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE)

An enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II.

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA)

A structure in the kidney that detects blood pressure changes and releases renin.

Zymogens

Large, metabolically inactive proteins that are activated by enzymes in response to stimuli.

Negative Feedback

A regulatory mechanism used to control blood pressure by adjusting hormonal signals.

Thirst and drinking

Responses regulated by the hypothalamus in reaction to increased angiotensin II levels.

Baroreceptors

Sensors that detect changes in blood pressure.

Collecting Duct

The kidney structure where aldosterone increases sodium and water reabsorption.