skills, specification, atttitudes

What are skills?

Skills are the abilities you have learnt and these are what you bring to an office job. Exp:problem solving

What is Job specification?

An analysis of the kind of person needed to fill the job. It lists job requirements, skills, attributes and experience required.

Job description?

Tells the applicant what the job entails. It outlines the duties and responsibilities.

Attitudes?

How you think and behave which is shown in the way you respond to a situation. It is sometimes defined as behavior learned from experience or observation from the environment that guides an individual’s response to situations.

Key attitude employees should possess(Team spirit and group dynamics)

A feeling of working together as one while group dynamics refers to the way relationships in the team are formed

Key attitude employees should possess(Cooperation)

The employee doing willingly what needs to be done to meet the objectives of the business.

Key attitude employees should possess(Tolerance and appreciation of diversity)

Tolerance means accepting other people even if their practices and opinions differ from yours.

Key attitude employees should possess(Safety consciousness)

Being safety conscious means that you know that staking risks can cause problems not just for you but also for others.

Key attitude employees should possess(Environmental awareness)

Employees should understand the police’s of the business in relation to the environment so interest can be shown in saving energy,…

Key attitude employees should possess(Social responsibility)

Responsibility of the company to society at large. The business, therefore, spends time and money on certain social initiatives such as sports for the youth, sponsoring community programs, unifying community etc.

Factors influencing attitudes

What the job requires

The amount of pay the employee receives

Level of supervision that takes place in the office

Opportunities that exist for promotion

Attributes?

These are characteristics that you are born with but they can also be developed.

3 Examples of Attributes?

Punctuality- Never being late for work.

Regularity-Only being absent for genuine reason.

Positive work ethic- This is a set of values which involves the right approach, attitude and behavior.

Other Attributes (Integrity, honesty and confidentiality)

This means you have high standards of fairness and keep your promises, you should never take credit for someone else’s work.

Other Attributes(Willingness)

You respond positively to a request or a challenge.

Other Attributes(Self esteem and confidence)

You value your self worth and exhibit positive energy.

Other Attributes(Being polite)

A high de

Directions in the channel of communication

Downwards-management to employees

Upwards-employees to management

Horizontal -employees on same level or across span of control

Diagonal-Communication takes place in any direction

Communication channels(Formal)

Transports messages across an organization for the sole purpose of conducting company business.

Advantages(Formal communication)

Helps assign responsibility

More binding

Traceability and avoids face to face

It establishes the responsibility of both sender and receiver no doubt

Disadvantages (FORMAL)

Because of bureaucratic jargon it is not conductive to true understanding and often serves to obscure the real meaning of a message.

Usually impersonal

De motivate employees

Rigid and limits info

Informal communication

Typically used by employees, friends or social group to transmit gossip, personal messages or opinions.

Advantages(informal)

Less intimidating, allows for flow of new ideas

Unites workers

Inspires enthusiasm and zeal of participants

Disadvantages (informal)

difficult to fix responsibility about the accuracy of information

Does not follow lines of authority

Can Result in spread of inaccurate information

Can lead to indiscriminate disclosure of classified information

Barriers to communication(Language and culture)

Language-message could be written or set in a way that the reader does not understand.

Cultural-may arise due to differences in ethnic background

Barriers to communication((Emotional interference)

Receiver may be too emotional and unable to interpret message objectively, or the sender may too have failed to send the message in an appropriate manner.

Barriers to communication(INFO OVERLOAD AND DIFFERENCE IN PERCEPTION)

Information overload is when too much info is transmitted at once

Difference in perception is often influenced by personal experiences and factors in environment messages may have been written based on sender’s perception and then decoded based on different experiences by decoder.

Barriers to communication (Accessibility to message and electronic) rumors

Accessibility to message- difficulty may be experienced by audiences or receivers with special needs

Electronic-May cause interruption in the communication process due to power outage, hackers

Rumors/gossip-can distort communication