Geographical Investigation Process

These flashcards cover key concepts and processes involved in the geographical investigation process, essential for exam preparation.

What are the key steps in the geographical investigation process?

Identify key questions, state a precise aim, suggest hypotheses, plan for fieldwork, collect data, analyze data, and draw conclusions.

What is the importance of establishing an aim in a geographical investigation?

The aim provides a specific focus and purpose to the investigation, guiding the hypotheses and data collection.

What is a hypothesis in the context of geographical studies?

A hypothesis is a testable statement linked to the aim of the investigation, determining the data to be collected.

What types of data are involved in geographical investigations?

Primary data (first-hand measurements/observations) and secondary data (published sources like maps and literature).

Why is pre-fieldwork planning important?

It ensures consideration of the suitability of locations, types of data, sampling methods, and health and safety.

What factors should be considered when selecting a geographical site for investigation?

Accessibility, cost, time, safety, and the ability to collect relevant data to test hypotheses.

What is risk assessment in fieldwork?

A process to identify potential hazards and plan strategies to avoid accidents or injuries.

What is stratified sampling?

A sampling method that involves selecting samples from different sub-groups or strata to ensure representation.

What are the strengths of using primary data?

It meets specific aims of the investigation, allows for firsthand evaluation of patterns, and is directly relevant to the hypotheses.

What limitations exist with primary data collection?

It's time-consuming to collect, and can be affected by human bias or environmental factors.

How is soil pH measured in the fieldwork investigation?

By using a soil auger to obtain soil samples, which are then tested with pH indicator strips and distilled water.

How should data be presented after collection?

Data should be tabulated and can be presented graphically, using various techniques to illustrate findings.

What is the purpose of using statistical techniques in geographical studies?

To analyze and interpret data, providing objective proof for the acceptance or rejection of hypotheses.

What is the role of secondary data sources in geographical investigations?

Secondary data, retrieved from published sources, provides context and supplementary information that supports the primary data.

What is the significance of using Spearman Rank Correlation?

It analyzes the relationship between two sets of numerical data and tests the strength and direction of that relationship.

Why is it important to critically evaluate the methods and results in a geographical investigation?

To identify strengths and weaknesses, consider limitations, and suggest modifications for future studies.