HOSA Bowl-Nutrition and Diets

metabolism

Process in which nutrients are used by the cells for building tissue, providing energy, and regulating various body functions.

minerals

inorganic elements found in all body tissue

nutrition

all body processes relating to food

nutritional status

state or condition of one's nutrition

obesity

20% over ideal body weight

osteoporosis

condition where bones become porous and break easily

overweight

10-20% or greater of recommended ideal body weight

peristalsis

rythmic, wavelike motion of involuntary muscles

protein diet

low and high protein

sodium restricted diet

reduced salt intake for cardiovascular disease and kidney disease

soft diet

diet that requires little chewing

therapeutic diet

modified normal diet used to improve specific halth conditions

underweight

10 - 15% under recommended weight

vitamins

organic compounds essential to life

wellness

state of good health with optimal body function

absorption

taking in nutrition

anorexia

loss of appetite

antioxidants

enzymes or organic molecules that help protect from harmful radicals

antherosclerosis

hardening of arteries

basal metabolic rate (BMR)

energy needed to maintain life when at complete rest

body mass index (BMI)

calculation that measures weight & relation to height and correlates with body fat

caloric controlled diet

diet measured by calorie intake

carbohydrates

starches or sugars - source of energy

cellulose

fibrous, indigestible form of plant carbohydrate

cholesterol

fatlike substances synthesized in the liver found in body cells and animal fats

diabetic diet

special diet for peole with diabetes. consists of low sugar/low carbohydrates

digestion

physical and chemical breakdown of food by the body

essential nutrient

element in foods required by body for proper function (Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water)

fat restricted diet

diet with limited amounts of fat, lipids

fats

nutrient that stores energy, cushions organs, and helps the body absorb vitamins

hypertension

high blood pressure

kilocaloric

heat produced during metabolism;way the energy content is measured in food

lipids

fats and oils

liquid diets

both clear and full liquids. Used for short periods of time

low cholesterols diets

restrict certain foods to lower cholesterol

malnutrition

poor nutrition

atherosclerosis

condition in which arteries are narrowed by the accumulation of fatty substances on their inner surfaces.

basal metabolic rate or BMR

the rate at which the body uses energy just for maintaining it's own tissue, without doing involuntary work

kilocalorie or calorie

this is known as the food's caloric value

therapeutic diets

modifications of the normal diet and are used to improve specific health conditions

bland diet

consists of easily digested foods that do not irritate the digestive tract

low-residue diet

eliminates or limits foods that are high in bulk and fiber