Globalisationa nd crime

Globalisation and crime

Globalisation creates new insecurities and produced a new mentality of risk consciousness - risk is seen as global than tied to a particular place.

Globalisation creates new opportunities for crime- new means of committing crime and new offences

Castells- global crim examples and how much

Castells- argues there is now a global criminal econ worth over 1 trillion pound per annum Takes place in a number of forms:

• Arms trafficking

• Trafficking in nuclear materials

• Smuggling of illegal immigrants

• Trafficking in women and children

• Sex tourism 

• Trafficking in body parts

• cyber crimes

•  Green crimes

• International terrosim

• Smuggling of legal goods

• Trafficking in culutral artefacts 

• Trafficking in endangered specieis

• The drugs trade

• Money laundering

Colombia

Colombia- estimated 20% of pop depends on cocaine production for their livelihood and cocaine outsells all colombias other exports combined 

Global risk consciousness

Global risk consciousness

creates new insecurities and produces a mentality of risk consciousness in which a global rather than tied to a particular place, e.g increased movement of people like asylum seekers given rise to anxiety among populations in western countries about the risk of crime and disorder and the need to protect their borders. Much risk comes from needing- moral panics on immigration fuelled by politicians. Negative coverage of immigrants seen as terroists or scourges- led to hate crimes in European countries and UK

Lead to intensify ion fo social control at nation level- border control regualtion toughened, Increased attempts at international cooperation and control in  since terriost attack due to war on terror 

Taylor - changes

Taylor (1997) argues that globalisation has led to changes in the pattern and extent of crime. By giving free rein to market forces, globalisation has created greater inequality and rising crime.

Due to deregulation and new employment patterns and reality dep

Left realists

Left realist- increased materialistic culture promoted by global media of lifestyle of consumption

Lack of jobs

Lack of legitimate job opps lead to people to look for illegiamate e.g drugs trade - e.g LA deindustralistion lef to growth of drugs gangs numbering 10,000 members  globalisation led to new patterns of employment which led to increased opp for crime- illegal workers, employed for minimum wage, working breach of health and safety or other labour laws

Rothe and Friedrichs - IGOS

Rothe and Friedrichs- look at role of IGOS- crimes of globalisation- these bodies impose pro capitlsit, neoliberal economic SAPs on poor econ as condition for loans require them to privatise services and industries which cuts spending on health and edu- lets western TNCS to expand to these countries and creates conditions for crime

Winlow- masc

Winlow- globalisation and masculinity gender topic- new criminal opp 

Hobbs and Dunnigham -glocal

Hobbs and Dunningham therefore conclude that crime works as a glocal system. That is, it is still  locally based, but with global connections. This means that the form it takes will vary from place to place, according to local conditions, even if it is influenced by global factors such as the availability of drugs from abroad.

Glenny - mcmafia

Glenny- MCMAFIA- organisations that emerged in Russia and easterne ruope following the fall of communism- break up Soviet Union lead to deregulation of global markets- where as in communism regulated prices- to protect their wealth capitalists turned to Amiga’s that begun to spring up these were alliances with former KGB men and ex convicts- new Russian mafias were purely economic organisation formed to pursue their self interest and franchise its operations