First Aid #3

salter-harris fracture

end of the bone fracture, potential for permanant damage

joint capsule

envelope surrounding synovial joint

joint injuries

dislocation and subluxation

anterotalo fib ligamanet (ATF)

most commonly torn ligament in the foot

fracture

break in the continuity of the bone

lining of the bone

periosteum

5 P’s indicate compartment syndrome

pain

pallor (whiteness)

paresthesia (numb)

pulselessness

paralysis

compartment syndrome

follows traumatic blows and fractures- emergency surgery

splinting

prevents blood vessel and nerve injury, reduce pain and swelling, prevent sharp ends from piercing skin, cusion area

principles of splinting

• remove clothing

• PMSC

• cover wounds with sterile dressing

• splint above and below

• NOT FINISHED

SAM Splint

aluminum splints

• structural aluminum meallable

crutches

mobility aids used to counter a mobility impairment

air cast

inflatable cylinder that be closed at either end and is rigid when filled with air under pressure

colles fracture

fracture with a foosh mechanism

triangular bandage

cravat bandage

open wounds

• abrasion

• lacerations

• puncture

• impaled object

• avulsion

• amputations

• burns

avulsion

body structure is detached

amputation treatment

applying a pressure dressing to the amputation, wrapping the amputated part in a plastic bag and then placing the amputated part in ice

occulsive dressing

plastic wrap or other dressing that forms airtight seal

compress

thick bulky sterile dressing to stop bleed

trauma dressing

thick, sterile, absorbent dressing for larger areas

adhesive strips

combo of sterile dressing and a bandage, individually packaged for small wounds

adhesive tape

used to hold edges of wounds togehter (rolls)

tourniquets

devise such as a strip of band of rubber that is wrapped tight to prevent flow of blood to leg or arm

surgical tourniquets

used during surgery to create bloodless field

• pneumatic: uses compressused gas to inflate a cuff

• nonpneumatic: strap or band

emergency tourniquet

used to control bleeding in emergencies, trauma, or combat

pneumatic: rapid application with air

non pneumatic: CAP or SAM that use windlass mechanism for tightening

rehabilitation tourniquet

blood flow restriction

most commonly fracture ribs

5-9

ottawa ankle rules

whether or not patient gets x-rayed

• tenderness over inferior or posterior pole of either malleolus

• tenderness along the base of the fifth metatarsal or navicular bone

• inability to bear weight for four steps (two each foot)

salter harris fracture

growth plates

adults blood amount

12.6 pints of blood