Psych 202

What are phonemes?

Phonemes are the basic speech sounds.

What is a morpheme?

The smallest component of speech that carries meaning.

What is the basic definition of grammar?

Combining morphemes into phrases and sentences using rules.

What is the difference between production and comprehension in language?

Production is the ability to use language; comprehension is the ability to understand language.

What are the important milestones of language development?

Babbling (4-6 months), first words (10-12 months), vocabulary of 30-50 words (18 months), use of basic grammar (18-24 months).

At what age does babbling occur?

Babbling occurs at around 4-6 months.

What is the sensitive period for language development?

The sensitive period for language is from 7 months in utero to 6 years.

What role does social interaction play in language development?

Social interaction helps infants with computational learning.

What are the three different theories of language development?

Behaviorist, Nativist, Interactionist.

What is Broca's aphasia?

Broca's aphasia affects speech; individuals can understand language but have trouble speaking.

What is Wernicke's aphasia?

Wernicke's aphasia affects comprehension; speech is produced but is mostly nonsensical.

What is dyslexia?

Dyslexia is a learning disorder characterized by difficulty with reading.

What are the four different attachment patterns?

Secure, avoidant, anxious-ambivalent, disorganized.

What is the Marshmallow Test?

The Marshmallow Test is a test of impulse control and delay of gratification.

What are the stages of Kohlberg's moral development?

Preconventional, Conventional, Postconventional.

What is the definition of cognitive dissonance?

Cognitive dissonance is an uncomfortable cognitive state due to perception of contradictory information.

What is the difference between prejudice and stereotypes?

Prejudice is an attitude or prejudgement, usually negative, while stereotypes are simplified sets of traits associated with group membership.

What is groupthink?

Groupthink occurs when a group does not critically question its decisions, often leading to flawed decisions.

What factors influence attraction and liking?

Factors include proximity, exposure, physical appearance, and similarity.

What does Sternberg’s Triangular Model of Love consist of?

It includes three points: intimacy, passion, and commitment.