Lab - Cells

plasma membrane

surrounds the cell, bilayer, regulates flow of materials into and out of cell, signaling

cytoplasm

has fluid (cytosol), dissolved solutes, organells, and inclusions

mitochondria

energy is produced, powerhouse of cell, scattered in cytoplasm (orange mini maze)

ribosomes

attached to membrane systems/scattered in cytoplasm, protein synthesis (little red circles)

rough ER

studded w/ ribosomes, external face synthesizes phospholipds (maze)

smooth ER

site of steroid and lipid synthesis, lipid metabolism, drug detoxification (skeleton thing, no ribosomes)

golgi apparatus

flattened sacs and vesicles; packages proteins for export from the cell or incorporation into the plasma membrane (green weird thing)

peroxisomes

carry toxic substances to/from membrane (white balls on outside)

lysosomes

contains digestive enzymes (acid hydrolase) which functions to digest worn-out cell organells and foreign substances that enter the cell (ball inside cytoplasm)

microtubules

cylindrical, made of tubulin, support cell/shape (yellow ball rings)

intermediate filaments

help cell divide, resist mechanical forces

microfilaments

help cell divide, muscle contraction

centrioles

structural, paired cylindrical bodies (organize microtubules for mitosis)

cilia

allows more molecules to be attached, like ball from arcade

flagellum

longer cillium, propels the cell

microvilli

slender extensions of the plasma membrane that increase surface area (hair)

nuclear envelope

barrier, has pores, separates nucleoplasm from cytoplasm

nucleus

control center of the cell; genetic material; cell division and life

nucleolus

dense, darkly staining nuclear body; packaging for ribosomes (blue in the middle)

chromatin

thread-like genetic material (not as dense and complex as DNA)