General Characteristics

What are viruses

molecules of DNA or RNA wrapped in a protein capsule; obligate intracellular parasites

Virion

complete fully infectious viral particle

Capsid

protein coat surrounding genome; Helical or Icosahedral

Envelope

lipid bilayer, protein, carbohydrate structure that surrounds capsid

Adenoviridae

dna virus; adenoid, common cold

Poxviridae

DNA virus; small pox

Herpesviridae

DNA virus; herpes virus 1 & 2 (HHV)

Varicella virus

DNA; chickenpox (HHV-3)

Papovaviridae

DNA; Papillomavirus (warts) and Polyomavirus (rare)

Hepadnaviridae

DNA; Hepatitis B

Picornaviridae

RNA; poliovirus

Togaviridae

RNA; arboviruses, West Nile Virus

Rhaboviridae

RNA; rabies

Coronaviridae

RNA; SARS, Covid-19

Retroviridae

RNA; HIV-1, HIV-2

ORthomyxoviridae

RNA; influenza

Flaviviridae

RNA; Dengue fever, yellow fever, Hepatitis C

RNA virus replication

RNA viruses do not penetrate the nucleus of host cell; converts rna to dna that then penetrates nucleus

Cytopathic effect (CPE)

cells deteriorate due to viral infection

Bacteriophage

viruses that only infect bacterial cells