Exam 4: Microbiology

Meningitis

inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord

Encephalitis

inflammation of the brain tissue

Endocarditis

Inflammation of endocardium

Bacterial Meningitis

Consists of gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Gram + Bacterial Meningitis

Consists of cocci and bacilli

Cocci Gram +

Consists of pairs and chains

Cocci Chains for Gram +

B-hemolytic --> S. agalactive

Cocci Pairs for Gram +

alpha-hemolytic --> S. pneumoriae

Gram + Bacilli

Listeria monocytogenes which can cross the placenta

Gram - Bacterial Meningitis

Consists if cocci and bacilli as well.

Gram - Cocci

Neisseria Meningitis

Gram - Bacilli

Haemophilus Influenza

Bacterial Diseases

Mycobacterium Leprae

Clostridium Botulinum

Clostridium Tetani

Mycobacterium Leprae Stain

Acid fast

Mycobacterium Leprae Disease

Hansen's disease (leprosy)

Clostridium botulinum stain

Gram-positive bacilli

Anaerobic and causes endospores

Clostridium botulinum Disease

Botulism

Clostridium Tetani Stain

Gram positive bacilli

Anaerobic and causes endospores

Clostridium Tetani Disease

tetanus (lockjaw)

Microbial Cardiovascular/Systemic Disease

Bacteremia

Septicemia

Bacteremia

Bacterial infection of blood

Septicemia

any microbial infection of blood

Systemic Diseases: Bacterial

Francisella tularensis

Yersinia Pestis

Borrelia burgdorfer

Francisella tularensis Stain

Gram negative coccobacilli

Francisella tularensis Disease

Tularemia (zoonotic)

Yersinia pestis Stain

Gram negative coccobacili

Yersinia pestis Disease

Plague

- Bubonic

- Pneumonic

Borrelia burgdorferi Stain

Gram negative spirochete

Borrelia burgdorferi Disease

Lyme Disease

Systemic Diseases: Viral

Epstein-Bar Virus (EMV)

Cytomegalovirus

Epstein-Bar Virus (EMV) Disease

Infectious mononucleiosis

Cytomegalovirus Disease

CMV

- can cross the placenta

Viral Hemorrhagic fevers

Lassa

Marburg

Ebola

1/2

viridans streptococci

Plasmodium falciparum

P. vivax

Systemic Diseases - Parasites

Plasmodium falciparum

Taxoplasma gondii

Trypanosoma cruzi

Plasmodium falciparum Classification

Apicomplexa

Plasmodium falciparum Disease

Malaria

- a vector transmitted only by female mosquitoes

- anopheles

Taxoplasma gondii Classification

Apicomplexa

Taxoplasma gondii Disease

Toxoplasmosis

- definitive host: cats

- crosses placenta

Trypanosoma cruzi Classification

flagellate

Trypanosoma cruzi Disease

Chagas Disease

- vector is the redaviid bug

Bacterial Pneumonia

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Haemophilus influenza

Stapphylococcus aureus

Streptococcus pneumoniae Classification

Gram-positive cocci

- alpha-hemolytic

Streptococcus pneumoniae Disease

Pneumoccal pneumonia

Mycoplasma pneumoniae Classification

Lack a cell wall

Mycoplasma pneumoniae Disease

atypical pneumonia (walking)

Klebsiella pneumoniae Classification

Gram-negative bacilli

Haemophilus influenza Classification

Gram-negative bacilli

Stapphylococcus aureus Classification

Gram-positive cocci

Bacterial Diseases pt. 2

Legionella pneumophilia

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Bordetella pertussis

Bacillus anthrasis

Streptococcus pygenes

Corynebacterium diptheriae

Legionella pneumophilia Classification

-Gram negative bacilli

pleomorphic

Legionella pneumophilia Disease

Legionnaire's disease

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Classification

-Acid fast

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Disease

+B

Bordetella pertussis Classification

Gram-negative bacilli

Bordetella pertussis Disease

whooping cough

Bacillus anthrasis Classification

Gram-positive bacilli

causes endospores

Bacillus anthrasis Disease

Inhalation anthrax

Streptococcus pyogenes Classification

Gram-positive cocci

Streptococcus pyogenes Disease

laryngitis

Pharyngitis

Corynebacterium diptheriae Classification

Gram-positive bacilli

Corynebacterium diptheriae Disease

Diptheria

Influenza

Antigenic drift and Antigenic Shift

Antigenic Drift from Influenza

random mutations

Antigenic Shift from Influenza

reassortment between genetic material of different strains