Medical English - 1 - basic words structure

defined medical English words, including suffixes, prefixes, roots,...etc

aden/o

gland

arthr/o

joint

bi/o

life

carcin/o

cancerous, cancer

cardi/o

heart

cephal/o

head

cerebr/o

cerebrum (largest part of the brain)

cis/o

to cut

crin/o

to secrete (to form and give off)

cyst/o

urinary bladder, a sac or a cyst (sac containing fluid)

cyt/o

cell

derm/o

dermat/o

skin

electr/o

electricity

encephal/o

brain

enter/o

intestines (usually small intestine)

erythr/o

red

gastr/o

stomach

glyc/o

sugar

gnos/o

knowledge

gynec/o

woman, female

hemat/o

hem/o

blood

hepat/o

liver

iatr/o

treament, physician

leuk/o

white

log/o

study of

nephr/o

kidney

neur/o

nerve

onc/o

tumor

ophthalm/o

eye

oste/o

bone

path/o

disease

ped/o

child

psych/o

mind

radi/o

x-rays

ren/o

kidney

rhin/o

nose

sacr/o

flesh

sect/o

to cut

thromb/o

clot, clotting

-ac

pertaining to

-al

pertaining to

-algia

pain

-cyte

cell

-ectomy

excison, removal

-emia

blood condiiton

-genic

pertaining to producing, produced by, produced in

-globin

protein

-gram

record

-ic, -ical

pertaining to

-ion

progress

-ist

specialist

-itis

inflammation

-logy

process of study

-oma

tumor, mass, swelling

-opsy

process of viewing

-osis

condition, usually abnormal (slight increase in numbers when used with blood cells)

-pathy

disease condition

-scope

instrument to visually examine

-scopy

process of visually examining

-sis

state of condition

-tomy

process of cutting, incision

-y

process, condition

a-, an-

no, not, without

aut-, auto-

self, own

dia-

complete, through

endo-

within

epi-

above, upon

ex-, exo-

out, outside of, outward

hyper-

excessive, above, more than normal

hypo-

deficinet, below, under, less than normal

in-

into, in

peri-

surrounding, around

pro-

before, forwards

re-

back, backward, again

retro-

behind

sub-

below, under

trans-

across, through

adenitis

inflammation of gland or swollen, most commonly lymph node

adenoma

a benign (noncancerous) tumor that originates in glandular or epithelial tissue

adenopathy

any disease, enlargement, or inflammation involving glandular tissue or lymph nodes

anemia

a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume

arthralgia

pain in one or more joints

arthritis

inflammation of joints due to infectious, metabolic, or constitutional causes

autopsy

an examination of a body after death to determine the cause of death or the character and extent of changes produced by disease

biology

study of lives

biopsy

the removal and examination of tissue, cells, or fluids from the living body

carcinogenic

producing or tending to produce cancer

carcinoma

a malignant tumor of epithelial origin

cardiac

of, relating to, situated near, or acting on the heart

cardiology

the study of the heart and its action and diseases

cephalic

of or relating to the head

cerebral

of, relating to, affecting, or being the cerebrum

cystitis

inflammation of the urinary bladder

cystoscopy

a rigid endoscope for inspecting and passing instruments into the urethra and bladder

cytology

the cellular aspects of a phenomenon, process, or structure

dermatitis

inflammation of the skin

dermatology

a branch of medicine dealing with the skin, its structure, functions, and diseases (study of skin)

diagnosis

the act of identifying a disease from its signs and symptoms

electrocardiogram

the tracing made by an electrocardiograph; record signals of electric of heart

electroencephalogram

the tracing of brain waves made by an electroencephalograph; recorded electric signals of brain