The 1088 rebellion
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33 Terms
What was William II's first sign of trouble?
The absence of many leading magnates from his 1088 Easter court
What were the three main causes?
William I'd deathbed settlement, Odo's ambitions and William Rufus's character
Where did the revolt strike hardest?
Kent
Why did bishop Odo establish himself in Rochester castle?
Its strategic position allowed Canterbury and London to be threatened whilst it could also receive reinforcements along the Thames and Medway river
What size was the Rochester castle garrison by summer?
500 knights
Which castles ensured that the rebels had a secure corridor to Normandy?
Gilbert fitzRichard's castle at Tonbridge and Robert of mortmain's castle at Pevensey
Where was the other main are of rebellion?
In the west
What did Bishop Geoffrey of Coutances and Robert of Mowbray do in the west?
They burnt Bath and Berkeley and raided into Wiltshire
Who rode north into Gloucestershire?
William of Eu
What did three Herefordshire barons do?
Took Hereford and burnt Gloucester with English, Norman and Welsh troops
Where did subsidiary revolts also take place?
Leicestershire, Northampton and Durham
Who managed to protect the castle of Worcestershire?
Bishop Wulfstan
How many of the greatest baronial landholders were on the rebels side?
6/10
Who did the king recognise as his main opponent?
Odo
Who did the king leave the smaller problems to?
Local commanders
When did William II march into Kent?
April
Which castles had fallen by June?
Tonbridge and Pevensey
What was intercepted and destroyed out at sea?
A relief force sent by Robert Curthose
Where did the royal army turn on?
Rochester
Why did conditions in Rochester castle quickly deteriorate?
Two siege engines were set up
How did the rebels sought an honourable way out?
Through the ensuing negotiations
Who took the lead in the negotiations?
The king's magnates
What did the leading magnates want from the negotiations?
Mercy as William had now proven that he is no less powerful than William I
What did the leading magnates choosing mercy for the rebels represent?
Norman aristocracy drawing together to protect its now members from the wrath of the king
Why did William II give in to the leading magnates?
He needed their support
What happened in early July?
Odo and his allies were allowed to leave, bearing arms and riding horses
Who jeered at the rebels as they left?
English troops who demanded the traitors be hanged
What happened after the main collapse of the revolt in the East?
Other insurrections faded away
What would Robert's presence have done?
Boosted morale and he was an accomplished fighter
What did the rebels underestimate?
The king's strength
What did the rebels overestimate?
They ability to withstand sieges
Who was not poplar with the English lower classes?
Odo
Who out of the rebels refused to surrender?
William of st Calais, bishop of Durham