Family, Community, and Women's Health Lecture Flashcards

These vocabulary flashcards cover community health assessments, maternal and infant mortality statistics, car safety, reproductive disorders like PCOS and endometriosis, infertility treatments, and menopause management.

Brightpoint

The designated agency in Northeast Indiana that conducts the community needs assessment every three years to look at the causes of poverty and available resources.

Pontiac Street Market

A community initiative that resulted directly from a needs assessment to address the specific needs of underserved areas in Fort Wayne like the 46806 area.

Parish nursing

An example of community-based health where care is provided in places of worship to meet people where they are.

Age of viability

The point at which a fetus can survive outside the womb, noted in the transcript as potentially being as early as $20$ to $24$ weeks.

Community health

Also known as population health, this field looks at statistics and interventions for the entire community, such as flu vaccination and STI rates.

Maternal mortality rate

The number of deaths in a specific population over a period; the U.S. ranks $46$ out of $181$ countries, with $60\%$ of deaths considered preventable.

IUFD (Intrauterine fetal demise)

Also known as stillbirth, this is the most overlooked data in fetal mortality, with approximately $1$ million cases every year in the U.S.

Neonatal period

The first $28$ days of life, during which two-thirds of all infant deaths occur.

Infant period

The time frame from day $29$ to one year of age.

Unintentional injury

The leading cause of death for children ages $5$ to $14$, including car accidents, gun accidents, and poisoning.

Cardiovascular disease

The leading cause of death in women regardless of ethnic or racial group.

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)

Violence that affects $1$ in $3$ women in the U.S., where more than $3$ women are murdered by their partners every single day.

Mandatory reporting

The legal requirement for healthcare workers to report suspected abuse in children, the elderly, and the disabled.

Primary car seat safety

Infants should be rear-facing until roughly age $2$; the harness clip must be at armpit level, and straps should allow only $2$ fingers of space.

Secondary amenorrhea

The cessation of menses after they have already started, which can be caused by pregnancy, menopause, lactation, or BMI changes.

Follicular phase

Day $1$ of the ovarian cycle involving the release of GnRH, FSH, and LH to stimulate follicle development.

Mittelschmerz

A term for the 'pinchy' or 'metal shard' feeling some women experience during ovulation.

Spinbarkeit

The characteristic of cervical mucus becoming slippery and stretchy during ovulation.

Dysmenorrhea

Cyclic perimenstrual pain; primary is caused by increased prostaglandin production, while secondary involves underlying conditions like endometriosis.

Endometriosis

A chronic inflammatory process where endometrial lining grows outside the uterus, potentially causing adhesions and debilitating pelvic pain.

Laparoscopy

The gold standard surgical procedure used to identify the extent of endometriosis.

PCOS (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome)

The most common endocrine condition in women of reproductive age, characterized by hyperinsulinemia, hirsutism, and infertility.

Secondary infertility

The inability to conceive after a previous successful pregnancy.

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid)

A medication used to induce ovulation; users are advised to have intercourse every other day for one week starting after the last dose.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

A procedure where one sperm is injected into the cytoplasm of the oocyte, often used for male factor infertility.

Gestational carrier

Also known as surrogacy, where a different person carries the fetus, sometimes using donor eggs or sperm.

Sildenafil (Viagra)

An oral smooth muscle relaxant for erectile dysfunction that should not be taken with nitrates due to the risk of tanking blood pressure.

Priapism

A sustained erection lasting longer than $4$ hours, which is a potential risk of injection therapies for ED.

Menopause

Defined as one full year ($12$ months) without a menstrual period, with an average age of occurrence being $51$.

HRT (Hormone Replacement Therapy)

The combination of estrogen and progesterone used to treat menopausal symptoms and protect bone and heart health.