Biology 120 - u1 p1

These flashcards cover key concepts from the introduction to biology, including definitions, properties of living things, elements essential for life, and classification of cells.

What is the definition of biology?

Biology is the study of life and the science of how life works.

What are the six properties that define living organisms?

1. Metabolism (respiration), 2. Organization and complexity, 3. Growth and development, 4. Reproduction, 5. Adaptability (evolution), 6. Response to stimuli.

What are the four major elements essential for living things?

Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen, and Nitrogen.

What are the three primary domains of life?

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

What mechanism did Charles Darwin propose for evolution?

Natural selection, where organisms best suited for their environment survive and reproduce.

How do structure and function relate to cells?

The structure of a cell strongly influences its function; what something looks like and how it works are linked.

What are eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells are large and complex cells that have membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus.

What are prokaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells are small and simple cells that do not have membrane-bound organelles or a nucleus.

What role does the plasma membrane play in cells?

The plasma membrane protects the cell, keeping the inside contents in and the outside substances out.

What is the importance of DNA in living organisms?

DNA stores and transmits the genetic information necessary for the functions and characteristics of the organism.