Chemistry of Life

-ase

enzyme

-hydra

water

philia

love

cyto

cell

lys

breakdown

phobia

fear

di

two

mono

one

photo

light

hemo

blood

ose

sugar

poly

many

what is a polymer

a large moleule

what is a monomer

building blocks that make up a polymer

what elements make up carbohydrates

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

what elements make up a lipid

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus

what elements make up proteins

carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen and sulfur

what elements make up nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)

carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen and phosphorus

what are the 4 examples of carbohydrates

starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin

lipids consist of what 2 parts

hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail

what are the most common functions of lipids`

long term storage and forming cell membranes

what is the difference between oils and fats

oils are liquid and fats are solid at room temperature

what is the cell membrane made of

phospholipids

what the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic

hydrophilic- loves water hydrophobic- hates water

unsaturated fats have _____ _____

double bonds

what elements can be found in amino acids

carbon hydrogen oygen nitrogen and sulfur

amino acids are held together by what

peptide bonds

what does the primary structure allow you to see

the individual amino acids (beads)

what does the secondary structure allow you to see

the thing as a whole (necklace)

what does the tertiary unit allow you to see

a single subunit of a protein (globular)

what does the quaternary structure allow you to see

multiple subunits

an enzyme is what type of macromolecule

protein

a starch is what type of macromolecule

carbohydrate

what are the three components of nucleic acids

phosphatee group, 5-carbon sugar, and nitrogen base

what are the two type o nucleic acids

DNA and RNA (DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded)

what are the 5 types of nucleotide bases

A C T G U

DNA forming DNA

DNA Replication

DNA forming RNA

transcription

RNA forming proteins

translation

meth

1 carbon

eth

2 carbons

prop

3 carbons

but

4 carbons

pent

5 carbons

hex

6 carbons

-ane

single bonds

-ene

double bonds

-yne

triple bonds