IC Engines & Gas Turbines Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering the JNTUH B.Tech. R22 syllabus for IC Engines and Gas Turbines, including combustion stages, compressor types, and gas turbine performance parameters.

I.C. Engines

Engines classified by working principles of four and two stroke cycles, including Spark Ignition (SI) and Compression Ignition (CI) types.

Stoichiometry

The calculation of the quantitative relationship or ratio of fuel and air required for complete combustion.

Pre-ignition

An abnormal combustion phenomenon in SI engines where the fuel-air mixture ignites before the timed spark occurs.

Knocking (SI Engines)

A form of abnormal combustion in SI engines caused by the auto-ignition of the end gas, influenced by engine variables and fuel rating.

Delay Period

The first of the four stages of combustion in CI engines; its duration is critical to engine performance and the prevention of Diesel Knock.

Diesel Knock

A phenomenon in CI engines caused by an excessive pressure rise rate, often linked to long delay periods and fuel requirements.

Brake Power

The actual power available at the output shaft of the engine, measured during performance testing.

Indicated Power

The total power developed inside the engine cylinder, often determined by measuring cylinder pressure and frictional losses.

Heat Balance Sheet

A record or chart used in engine testing to account for the total heat energy supplied and its distribution among work, exhaust, and cooling.

Isothermal Efficiency

A performance parameter for reciprocating compressors defined as the ratio of work required in an isothermal process to the actual work done.

Volumetric Efficiency

The ratio of the actual volume of air drawn into the cylinder to the displacement volume, affected by the clearance volume.

Staged Compression

A method of compressing gas in multiple steps or stages to achieve a saving of work, often utilizing under-cooling between stages.

Roots Blower

A type of positive displacement rotary compressor defined by its mechanical details and specific principle of working.

Slip Factor

A parameter in dynamic centrifugal compressors representing the ratio between the actual and ideal whirl velocities at the impeller exit.

Power Input Factor

A coefficient used in dynamic compressor energy transfer calculations to account for losses such as disk friction.

Degree of Reaction

The ratio of the static pressure (or enthalpy) rise in the rotor to the static pressure (or enthalpy) rise in the entire stage of an axial flow compressor.

Polytropic Efficiency

The isentropic efficiency of an infinitesimal stage in a compressor, used to calculate overall pressure rise.

Work Ratio

A performance parameter for gas turbine cycles defined as the ratio of net work output to the total work developed by the turbine.

Optimum Pressure Ratio

The specific pressure ratio at which a simple gas turbine cycle achieves its maximum efficiency or work output.