TTAcademy- Isti'aathah, Basmalah, and Rules of Tajweed

Flashcards covering the vocabulary and foundational rules of Isti'aathah, Basmalah, and the characteristics of Tafkheem and Tarqeeq in Quranic recitation.

Lahn

Recitation mistakes.

Isti‘ādhah (Linguistically)

It means to seek protection and refuge.

Isti‘ādhah (Technically)

It refers to seeking protection and refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan.

Commonly preferred form of Istiathah

أعوذ باهلل كن الشفطان الرأء الاء (‘I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed devil’).

Jahr (Aloud)

Cases where seeking refuge is done aloud, such as when a reciter has listeners or is initiating a group recitation.

Isrār (Silent)

Cases where seeking refuge is done silently, such as in prayer, reading alone, or when not initiating in a group.

Al-Basmala (Definition)

Derived from the past verb "Basmel", which means: ‘In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful’.

Basmalah Ruling (Beginning of Surah)

Obligatory for all reciters, except for Surah At-Tawbah ("Bara’ah").

Basmalah Ruling (Middle of Surah)

Recommended, and the reciter has a choice between reciting it or not.

Obligatory Pauses (Sakts)

According to Hafs, there are four: in Surat Al-Kahf, Surat Yasin, Surat Al-Qiyamah, and Surat Al-Mutaffifin.

Permissible Pauses (Sakts)

According to Hafs and all reciters, there are two: between Surah Al-Anfal and Surah Al-Tawbah, and in Surat Al-Haqqah on the words "مالقه" and "هلك".

Tafkheem (Linguistically)

Heaviness and thickness.

Tafkheem (Applied Definition)

Heaviness in the sound of the letter that fills the mouth with echo.

Tarqeeq (Linguistically)

Lightness.

Tarqeeq (Applied Definition)

Thinness in the sound of the letter so the mouth doesn’t fill with echo.

أؤط ضشط فظ (Always heavy letters)

The seven letters that are always pronounced with Tafkheem.

Laam (ل) in the name of Allah (Heavy)

Pronounced heavy if the letter before the name of Allah has Fathah or Dhammah, or if starting the reading with the name of Allah.

Laam (ل) in the name of Allah (Light)

Pronounced light if the letter before the name of Allah has a Kasrah.

Ra’ al-Maeelah (Tilted Ra’)

A specific case for Hafs in only one word (هارى أء أم م) where the Raa is always light.

Heavy Raa Sakinah (First Case)

A Raa Sakinah is heavy if the letter before it has a Fathah or a Dhammah (e.g., فأن قرنش).

Heavy Raa Sakinah (After Hamzatul Wasl)

A Raa Sakinah coming right after a hamzatul wasl is always pronounced heavy (e.g., نا ل ارله قف).

Light Raa Sakinah

Pronounced light if it is preceded by a Kasrah (e.g., فرعون).