Key Developmental Stages and Tasks

This set of flashcards covers the key developmental stages, tasks, and psychosocial theories associated with late adolescence and adulthood as discussed in the Grade 11 Life and Career Skills lesson.

Developmental Psychology

A field of study dedicated to uncovering and analyzing the physical, social, mental, and emotional change and growth of people across their lifespan.

Late Adolescence

A transition phase from ages 16-18 to the early 20s focusing on exploring identity, gaining independence from family, and developing advanced cognitive abilities.

Early Adulthood

A phase occurring typically in the 20s marked by identity consolidation, long-term relationships, career decisions, and achieving financial independence.

Infancy (Trust vs. Mistrust)

Occurs from birth to 18 months; focused on developing trust through receiving consistent love, care, and attention from caregivers.

Early Childhood (Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt)

Occurs from 18 months to 3 years; focuses on developing independence and self-control by learning to perform simple tasks without excessive help.

Preschool (Initiative vs. Guilt)

Occurs from 3 to 5 years; characterized by exploring, using imagination, taking responsibility for simple tasks, and learning to cooperate with others.

School Age (Industry vs. Inferiority)

Occurs from 6 to 11 years; involves mastering new knowledge and skills, completing tasks, and building confidence through achievement.

Adolescence (Identity vs. Role Confusion)

Occurs roughly from ages 12 to 18; a period of experimenting with social groups and personal philosophies to develop a strong sense of identity, values, and goals.

Young Adulthood (Intimacy vs. Isolation)

Spans ages 19 to 40; the primary task is forming deep, meaningful, and emotionally honest relationships, as well as starting careers or families.

Middle Adulthood (Generativity vs. Stagnation)

Occurs from 40 to 65 years old; focuses on contributing to the well-being of family, community, and future generations through work and mentoring.

Maturity (Ego Integrity vs. Despair)

Occurs from age 65 to death; involves reflecting on one’s life with a sense of fulfillment and accepting past experiences with integrity.

Rites of Passage

Key moments or life milestones that act as markers of progress and change, such as graduating high school or moving away from home.

Decision Making

A benefit of self-awareness that provides the clarity needed for identifying and achieving life goals.

Empathy

A benefit of self-awareness that aids in understanding and appreciating the perspectives of others.

Resilience

A benefit of self-awareness that helps individuals identify triggers and effectively manage stress.