Med Terms II: Chapter 19 & 20- Cancer and Radiology

Alveol/o

small sac

cac/o

bad

carcin/o

cancer, cancerous

cauter/o

burn or heat

chem/o

chemical, drug

cry/o

cold

cyst/o

sac of fluid

fibr/

o

fibers

Follicle

small glandular sacs

fung/i

fungus, mushroom

medull/o

soft, inner part

mucus/o

mucous membrane

mut/a

genetic change

mutagen/o

causing genetic change

necr/o

death

neur/o

nerve

onc/o

tumor

papill/o

nipple, like

Plas/o

formation

ple/o

many or more

polyp/o

polyp

prot/o

first

radi/o

rays

sarc/o

flesh, connective tissue

sirrh/o

hard

xer/o

dry

-blastoma

immature tumor

-genesis

formation

-oma

mass, tumor

-plasia

formation, growth

-plasm

formation, growth

-suppression

to stop

-therapy

treatment

ana

backwards

apo

off, away

brachy

short (distance)

epi

upon

meta

beyond, change

neo

new

tele

far

BMT

Bone Marrow Transplant

BX

Biopsy

Chemo

Chemotherapy

Mets

Metastases

NED

No Evidence of Disease

PD

Progressive Disease, tumor has increased inn size

PR

Partial Response, tumor is one half its original size

PSA- Prostate- Specific Antigen

RT- Radiation Therapy

SD- Stable Disease, tumor does not shrink but does not grow

TNM

Tumor Node Metastasis

RT, XRT

Radiation Therapy

Cauterization

destruction of tissue by burning

Core Needle Biopsy

Placement of a large- bore needle that extracts a core of tissue

Cryosurgery

use of subfreezing in temps to destroy

En bloc resection

tumor is removed along with a large area of surrounding tissue containing lymph nodes

Excisional Biopsy

removal of the tumor and margin of normal tissue

exenteration

wide resection involving removal of the tumor, its organ of origin and all the surrounding tissue

Fine needle aspiration

placement of a very thin needle inside the tumor mass and extracting cells for microscopic examination

fulguration

destruction of tissue by electric sparks generated by a high frequency current

Incisional Biopsy

piece of tumor is removed for examination to establish a diagnosis

Oncogene

pieces of normal DNA that can convert a normal cell to a cencerous cell

Anaplasia

backwards, growth or formation

mitosis

when the process of cell division escapes normal genetic control

Solid tumor

abnormal mass of tissue

Mixed tumor

composed of different tissues like epithelial tissue and connective tissue

papillary

forming small, finger like or nipple like projections of cells

Necrotic tissue

dead tissue

fungating

mushroom pattern of growth of a tumor

polypoid

growths that form projections extending outward from the base

osteosarcoma

bone, flesh, tumor

follicular

forming small glandular sacs

scirrhous

densely packed hard tumors due to bands of fibrous tissue

pleomorphic

many, change, pertaining to

staging a tumor

based on the extent of the spread of the tumor

Grading a tumor

based on the appearance of the tumor under a microscope

In staging a tumor T

tumor (size and degree of local extension)

In staging a tumor N

nodes (number of regional lymph nodes invaded by the tumor)

In staging a tumor M

metastases (spread of tumor cells to distant sites)

Angio

angio graphy

BA

barium

BE

Barium enema

CT

computed tomography

CXR

chest x-ray

DICOM

digital image communication in medicine

DI

diagnostic imaging

ECHO

echocardiography

LAT

Lateral

LS Film

lumbosacral (spine) films

L- spine

lumbar spine

MRI

magnetic resonance imaging

PA

posteroaneterior

PACS

picture archival and communications system- digital film to be found by medical staff

UGI

Upper gastrointestinal (series)

V/Q Scan

Ventilation-Perfusion Scan of the lungs (Q stands for rate of blood flow or blood volume)

is/o

same

Pharmaceut/o

drug

radi/o

rays

son/o

sound

therapeut/o- treatment