MED TECH FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Parts of a medical term

prefix, word root, suffix

Combining form for kidney

nephro-

Combining form for stomach

gastr/o

Combining form for female

gynec/o

Abbreviation for after meals

P.C

Abbreviation for by mouth

P.O

What is the abbreviation IM stand for

Intramuscular

What is the abbreviation SQ for

Subcutaneous

Medical term for without fever

afebrile

Medical term for low temperature

hypothermia

Medical term for high temperature

hyperthermia

Position for rectal exam

Sims Position

Briefly describe the anatomical position

Body is standing upright, facing forward, with feet flat and parallel arms at sides and palms are facing forward.

Lithotomy position is used for what type of exam

gynecological

Part of the Brain

Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital

Parts of a nerve

axon, dendrite, cell body, myelin sheath

Membranes around the Brian and spinal cord

Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, Pia mater

Medical term for paralysis

loss of voluntary muscle function, movement, or sensation in part or all of the body due to illness or injury

Medical term for weakness

asthenia

Name term for a person who’s lower extremities will not move

paraplegia

Medical term for fainting

syncope

Medical term for water

hydro-

Medical term for brain

encephalon

Medical term for someone with water on brain

hydrocephalus

Chambers of the heart

right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

Inner layers of the heart

endocardium, myocardium, epicardium, pericardium

Prefixes meaning before

pre-, ante-, pro-

What is the dendrite (what it does)

receive all signals

What is the axon

distributes signals; functions as cell’s primary “transmitter”

What is the Dura mater

the outer layer of the meniges; provides protection

What is Pia mater

the inner layer of the meniges; acts as barrier

What is hemiplegia

total paralysis of one side of the body

What is hemiparesis

weakness/partial loss of strength on one side of the body

Synapse is

small gap/junction between two neurons; where signals are transmitted via neurotransmitters

What type of muscle is the heart; is it voluntary or involuntary

cardiac muscle; it is involuntary

Cardiomegaly is

abnormal and enlargement of the heart

Cardio stenosis is

narrowing of the heart valves/vessels; restricts blood flow

Pulmonary vessel does what

carries blood between heart and lungs; arteries carry deoxygenated blood to lungs - veins carry oxygenated blood to heart

What is atherosclerosis

hardening of the arteries caused by the buildup of plaque on artery walls

What is myocarditis

inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium)

Abbreviation for right ear

AD

Abbreviation for left ear

AS

Medical term for surgical incision

-otomy

Dizziness, loss of balance

vertigo

Leukopenia is

an abnormally low white blood cells count; reduces the ability to fight infection

The clotting cell is known as a

thrombocyte

What is known as the pacemaker of the heart

the SA node (sinoatrial node)

Polycythemia

abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells

Hypocythemia

abnormal decrease in number of blood cells

Formed parts of blood

erythrocytes (red cells), leukocytes (white cells), and thrombocytes (platelets)

Large loss of blood is

hemorrhage

Axillary lymph nodes are located

armpit area

Function of the lymphatic system

maintain fluid levels in the body, filter out bacteria, and facilitate the immune system

Medical term for surgical fixation

-desis or -pexy

Monocytes

largest type of white blood cells; act as essential defenders

Phagocytes are

specialized white blood cells that protect the body

To move foot upward

Dorsiflexion

Adduction is to move

movement of a body part towards the midline of the body

Medical term for blood

hem/o or hemat/o

Medical term for joint

arthr/o (articulation)

Medical term for bone

ostr/o

Medical term for softening

-malacia

Medical term for cartilage

chondr- or chondro

Medical term for inflammation

bodies immune system response to injury, infection, or irritation

Acronym for first aid in sports injuries

RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)

Medical term for muscle

myo-

Medical term for rupture

a tear, breach, or break in an organ or soft tissue

Medical term for surgical repair

-plasty

Medical term for a bruise

contusion

Medical term for red

erythema

Medical term for skin

derm/o or dermat/o

Medical term for disease is

-pathy

medical term for surgical removal

-ectomy

Medical term for pigmentation of the skin

melan/o

Fissure

narrow slit, crack, or cleft in tissue

Laceration

torn or jagged wound in the skin/soft tissue

Medical term for bladder

cyst/o

Medical term for pain

-algia

Medical term for thigh bone

femur

The shaft of a bone is called the

the diaphysis

The top of a bone is called the

the epiphysis

Phalanges are the bones of the

fingers and toes

Compound fracture protrudes through the skin

True

Green stick fracture is common in children

True

Sebaceous is located

located in the dermis (second/middle layer of skin)

Adrenal glands are located on the top portion of the kidneys

True

Intradermal means

within the skin (dermis)

Epidermal means

upon the skin (epidermis)

Term for surgical removal of wrinkles

rhytidectomy (facelift)

Removal of substances from the bloodstream is what stage of urine production

first stage (filtration)

Three terms for releasing urine from the body

micturition, voiding, urination

What is nocturia

condition where you wake up 2 or more times during the night to urinate

What is anuria

total lack of urine production or volume of less than 100 milliliters in a 24 hour period

What is oliguria

low output of urine

What is polyuria

producing an excessive amount of urine

Name of kidney stones

renal calculus, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis

Term for low blood sugar

hypoglycemia

Term for high blood sugar

hyperglycemia

Male hormone

testosterone

Female hormone

estrogen and progesterone