Biolec Quiz #2

two examples of solutions

• cytoplasm

• extracelular enviro

Solute vs solvent

• solute- dissolved particles

• solvent- fluid/gas that dissolve (water for cells)

What are the 3 passive transport types

• Simple Diffusion

• Facilitated Diffusion

• Osmosis

Solute high to low concentration

Simple Diffusion

Salt/food coloring added to water and fragrance in air are what process?

Simple Diffusion

In simple diffusion and osmosis solutes are moving between what structure to achieve equilibrium?

Phospholipids

term that compares solute concentration between 2 solutions

Tonicity

• higher solute conc than other

• lower solute conc than other

• equal solut conc

• hypertonic

• hypotonic

• isotonic

Osmosis water vs solute movement

• water high to low (solute opp, low to high)

In Hypotonic solutions, what happens to animal cell?

Lysis (burst/rupture bc excessive water intake)

Hypotonic example of an animal cell

Hemolysis (rbc’s)

In Hypotonic solutions, what happens to plant cells?

Turgor Pressure (plant cell swell bc excessive water intake)

In Hypertonic solutions, what happens to animal cells?

Crenation (shriveling due to excessive water loss/dehydration)

In Hypertonic solutions, what happens to plant cells?

Plasmolysis

• (cell mem pulls in from cell wall &

• plant wilts bc excessive water loss)

In Isotonic solutions, what happens to Animal Cells?

stays normal (no net movement)

In Isotonic solutions, what happens to Plant cells?

Become flaccid since they prefer to be turgid

High to low large solutes using integral protein 

Facilitated Diffusion

What are the 3 active transport types

• Active Transport

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

moves solutes from low to high using integral protein 

Active Transport (uses ATP)

in nerve cells active transport, are Na+ and K+ pumped in/out?

Na+ out, K+ in

• When substances only goes thru cell mem w another
  & example?

• Cotransport

• Proton Pump: H+ out, sucrose in

What are the 3 Endocytosis processes?

• phagocytosis

• pinocytosis

• receptor mediated endocytosis

Movement of solutes into cell through vesicle formation

Endocytosis

How are vesicles formed

folding of cell membrane using ATP

type of endocytosis where engulfment of large substances into cell thru vesicle formation  aka “cellular eating”

Phagocytosis

What 2 examples use Phagocytosis

• feeding Amoeba

• WBCs engulfing foreign antigens

type of endocytosis where intake of small solutes & water thru formation of vesicles from invaginations forming along membrane aka cell drinking 

Pinocytosis

What 2 examples use Pinocytosis

• Colon &

• Kidney water reabsorption

type of Endocytosis intake of specific solutes thru vesicle formation  & trapping of solutes/receptor

Receptor Mediated Endocytosis (RCE)

What term refers to the protein coat that covers vesicles in receptor mediated endocytosis

Chlatrin

Movement of Solutions out of cell thru vesicle formation that needs ATP

Exocytosis

Exocytosis Golgi vesicles used to release cellular waste/products out to another location

Secretory Vesicles